番石榴 Psidium guajava
中文名（Chinese Name）：番石榴
学名（Scientific Name）：Psidium guajava L.
英文名（English Common Name）：guava
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Psidium pyriferum L. Psidium pomiferum L. Myrtus guajava (L.) Kuntze Syzygium ellipticum K.Schum. & Lauterb. Psidium angustifolium Lam. Psidium cujavillus Burm.f. Psidium cujavus L. Psidium fragrans Macfad. Psidium igatemyense Barb.Rodr. Psidium intermedium Zipp. ex Blume Psidium prostratum O.Berg Psidium pumilum Vahl Psidium sapidissimum Jacq. Psidium vulgare Rich. Guajava pumila (Vahl) Kuntze Guajava pyrifera (L.) Kuntze Psidium guajava var. minor Mattos Psidium guajava var. cujavillum (Burm.f.) Krug & Urb. Psidium pumilum var. guadalupense DC. Psidium pyriferum var. glabrum Benth. Myrtus guajava var. pyrifera (L.) Kuntze Guaiava pyrigormis Gaertn. Psidium guajava var. guajava Psidium guava Griseb. Psidium pomiferum var. sapidissimum (Jacq.) DC. Psidium guayava Raddi
科属（Family & Genus）：桃金娘科（Myrtaceae）番石榴属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高达13米；树皮平滑，灰色，片状剥落；嫩枝有棱，被毛。叶片革质，长圆形至椭圆形，长6-12厘米，宽3.5-6厘米，先端急尖或钝，基部近于圆形，上面稍粗糙，下面有毛，侧脉12-15对，常下陷，网脉明显；叶柄长5毫米。花单生或2-3朵排成聚伞花序；萼管钟形，长5毫米，有毛，萼帽近圆形，长7-8毫米，不规则裂开；花瓣长1-1.4厘米，白色；雄蕊长6-9毫米；子房下位，与萼合生，花柱与雄蕊同长。浆果球形、卵圆形或梨形，长3-8厘米，顶端有宿存萼片，果肉白色及黄色，胎座肥大，肉质，淡红色；种子多数。
分布（Distribution）：原产南美洲，华南各地栽培，常见有逸为野生种。
用途（Use）：果供食用；叶含挥发油及鞣质等，供药用，有止痢、止血、健胃等功效；叶经煮沸去掉鞣质，晒干作茶叶用，味甘，有清热作用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 332
Psidium guajava Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 470. 1753.
番石榴 fan shi liu | Myrtaceae | Psidium
Guajava pyrifera (Linnaeus) Kuntze; Myrtus guajava (Linnaeus) Kuntze; Psidium pomiferum Linnaeus; P. pyriferum Linnaeus.
Trees, to 13 m tall. Bark gray, smooth, peeling in strips. Branchlets angular, pubescent. Petiole ca. 5 mm; leaf blade oblong to elliptic, 6-12 × 3.5-6 cm, leathery, abaxially pubescent, adaxially slightly rough, secondary veins 12-15 on each side of midvein and usually impressed, reticulate veins obvious, base rounded, apex acute to obtuse. Flowers solitary or 2 or 3 in cymes. Hypanthium campanulate, ca. 5 mm, pubescent. Calyx cap nearly rounded, 7-8 mm, irregularly opening. Petals white, 1-1.4 cm. Stamens 6-9 mm. Ovary adnate to hypanthium. Style as long as stamens. Berry globose, ovoid, or pyriform, 3-8 cm, with persistent calyx lobes at apex; flesh white or yellow; placenta reddish, well developed, fleshy. Seeds many. Fl. summer.
Cultivated and sometimes naturalized in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, and Yunnan [native to tropical America].
Psidium guajava has become naturalized in disturbed habitats in many tropical parts of the world.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Psidium guajava L.
英文名（English Common Name）：guava
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Psidium pyriferum L. Psidium pomiferum L. Myrtus guajava (L.) Kuntze Syzygium ellipticum K.Schum. & Lauterb. Psidium angustifolium Lam. Psidium cujavillus Burm.f. Psidium cujavus L. Psidium fragrans Macfad. Psidium igatemyense Barb.Rodr. Psidium intermedium Zipp. ex Blume Psidium prostratum O.Berg Psidium pumilum Vahl Psidium sapidissimum Jacq. Psidium vulgare Rich. Guajava pumila (Vahl) Kuntze Guajava pyrifera (L.) Kuntze Psidium guajava var. minor Mattos Psidium guajava var. cujavillum (Burm.f.) Krug & Urb. Psidium pumilum var. guadalupense DC. Psidium pyriferum var. glabrum Benth. Myrtus guajava var. pyrifera (L.) Kuntze Guaiava pyrigormis Gaertn. Psidium guajava var. guajava Psidium guava Griseb. Psidium pomiferum var. sapidissimum (Jacq.) DC. Psidium guayava Raddi
科属（Family & Genus）：桃金娘科（Myrtaceae）番石榴属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高达13米；树皮平滑，灰色，片状剥落；嫩枝有棱，被毛。叶片革质，长圆形至椭圆形，长6-12厘米，宽3.5-6厘米，先端急尖或钝，基部近于圆形，上面稍粗糙，下面有毛，侧脉12-15对，常下陷，网脉明显；叶柄长5毫米。花单生或2-3朵排成聚伞花序；萼管钟形，长5毫米，有毛，萼帽近圆形，长7-8毫米，不规则裂开；花瓣长1-1.4厘米，白色；雄蕊长6-9毫米；子房下位，与萼合生，花柱与雄蕊同长。浆果球形、卵圆形或梨形，长3-8厘米，顶端有宿存萼片，果肉白色及黄色，胎座肥大，肉质，淡红色；种子多数。
分布（Distribution）：原产南美洲，华南各地栽培，常见有逸为野生种。
用途（Use）：果供食用；叶含挥发油及鞣质等，供药用，有止痢、止血、健胃等功效；叶经煮沸去掉鞣质，晒干作茶叶用，味甘，有清热作用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 332
Psidium guajava Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 470. 1753.
番石榴 fan shi liu | Myrtaceae | Psidium
Guajava pyrifera (Linnaeus) Kuntze; Myrtus guajava (Linnaeus) Kuntze; Psidium pomiferum Linnaeus; P. pyriferum Linnaeus.
Trees, to 13 m tall. Bark gray, smooth, peeling in strips. Branchlets angular, pubescent. Petiole ca. 5 mm; leaf blade oblong to elliptic, 6-12 × 3.5-6 cm, leathery, abaxially pubescent, adaxially slightly rough, secondary veins 12-15 on each side of midvein and usually impressed, reticulate veins obvious, base rounded, apex acute to obtuse. Flowers solitary or 2 or 3 in cymes. Hypanthium campanulate, ca. 5 mm, pubescent. Calyx cap nearly rounded, 7-8 mm, irregularly opening. Petals white, 1-1.4 cm. Stamens 6-9 mm. Ovary adnate to hypanthium. Style as long as stamens. Berry globose, ovoid, or pyriform, 3-8 cm, with persistent calyx lobes at apex; flesh white or yellow; placenta reddish, well developed, fleshy. Seeds many. Fl. summer.
Cultivated and sometimes naturalized in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, and Yunnan [native to tropical America].
Psidium guajava has become naturalized in disturbed habitats in many tropical parts of the world.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）踩一下[0]
顶一下[3]