中文名（Chinese Name）：莽吉柿
学名（Scientific Name）：Garcinia mangostana L.
英文名（English Common Name）：mangosteen
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山竺、山竹
异名（Synonym）：小乔木，高12-20米，分枝多而密集，交互对生，小枝具明显的纵稜条。叶片厚革质，具光泽，椭圆形或椭圆状矩圆形，长14-2 5厘米，宽5-10厘米，顶端短渐尖，基部宽楔形或近圆形，中脉两面隆起，侧脉密集，多达40 50对，在边缘内联结；叶柄粗壮，长约2厘米，干时具密的横皱纹。雄花2-9簇生枝条顶端，花梗短，雄蕊合生成4束，退化雌蕊圆锥形；雌花单生或成对，着生于枝条顶端，比雄花稍大，直径4.5-5厘米，花梗长1.2厘米；子房5 8室，几无花柱，柱头5-6深裂。果成熟时紫红色，间有黄褐色斑块，光滑，有种子4-5，假种皮瓢状多汁，白色。花期9-Ia月，果期11-12月。
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）藤黄属
形态特征（Description）：
分布（Distribution）：原产马鲁古，亚洲和非洲热带地区广泛栽培。
用途（Use）：为著名的热带水果，可生食或制果脯。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 1, 41, 43     
Garcinia mangostana Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 443. 1753.
莽吉柿 mang ji shi| Clusiaceae  | Garcinia
Mangostana garcinia Gaertner.
Trees small, 12-20 m tall. Branches many, dense, decussate; twigs distinctly angled. Petiole robust, ca. 2 cm, densely and transversely wrinkled when dry; leaf blade shiny, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 14-25 × 5-10 cm, thickly leathery, midvein raised on both surfaces; secondary veins dense, to 40-50 pairs, joining just within leaf margin, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, margin involute, apex shortly acuminate. Plant dioecious. Male flowers rare, 2-9, clustered at apex of branchlet; pedicels short; stamen fascicles 4, anthers 2-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode conic. Female flowers solitary or paired at apex of branchlet, slightly larger than male ones, 4.5-5 cm in diam.; pedicels ca. 1.2 cm; ovary 5-8-loculed; style nearly absent; stigma 5- or 6-lobed. Mature fruit purple-red, sometimes yellow-brown spotted, globose, 5-8 cm in diam., smooth. Seeds 4 or 5 or more, pulp white, juicy, fleshy. Fl. Sep-Oct, fr. Nov-Dec. 2n = 96.
Cultivated. Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to Indonesia (Maluku); widely cultivated in tropical regions of Africa and Asia].
This is a well-known fruit tree (mangosteen).






（责任编辑：徐晔春）