薯蓣Dioscorea opposita
中文名（Chinese Name）：薯蓣
学名（Scientific Name）：Dioscorea opposita Turcz.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：淮山
异名（Synonym）：Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Dioscorea rosthornii Diels Dioscorea doryphora Hance Dioscorea decaisneana Carrière Dioscorea potaninii Prain et Burkill Dioscorea batatas Decne. Dioscorea swinhoei Rolfe Dioscorea oppositifolia L. Dioscorea oppositifolia var. dukhunensis Prain & Burkill Dioscorea oppositifolia var. linnaei Prain & Burkill Dioscorea oppositifolia var. thwaitesii Prain & Burkill Dioscorea pseudobatatas (Hauman) Herter Dioscorea cayennensis var. pseudobatatas Hauman Dioscorea batatas f. clavata Makino Dioscorea batatas f. daikok Makino Dioscorea batatas f. flabellata Makino Dioscorea batatas f. rakuda Makino Dioscorea batatas f. tsukune Makino
科属（Family & Genus）：薯蓣科（Dioscoreaceae）薯蓣属
形态特征（Description）：缠绕草质藤本。块茎长圆柱形，垂直生长，长可达1米多，断面干时白色。茎通常带紫红色，右旋，无毛。单叶，在茎下部的互生，中部以上的对生，很少3叶轮生；叶片变异大，卵状三角形至宽卵形或戟形，长3-9 (-16) 厘米，宽2-7 (-14) 厘米，顶端渐尖，基部深心形、宽心形或近截形，边缘常3浅裂至3深裂，中裂片卵状椭圆形至披针形，侧裂片耳状，圆形、近方形至长圆形；幼苗时一般叶片为宽卵形或卵圆形，基部深心形。叶腋内常有珠芽。雌雄异株。雄花序为穗状花序，长2-8厘米，近直立，2-8个着生于叶腋，偶而呈圆锥状排列；花序轴明显地呈“之”字状曲折；苞片和花被片有紫褐色斑点；雄花的外轮花被片为宽卵形，内轮卵形，较小；雄蕊6。雌花序为穗状花序，1-3个着生于叶腋。蒴果不反折，三棱状扁圆形或三棱状圆形，长1.2-2厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，外面有白粉；种子着生于每室中轴中部，四周有膜质翅。花期6-9月，果期7-11月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于我国大部分地区，生于山坡、山谷林下，溪边、路旁的灌丛中或杂草中；或为栽培。朝鲜、日本也有。
用途（Use）：块茎为常用中药“淮山药”，有强壮、祛痰的功效；又能食用。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 24 Page 292
Dioscorea polystachya Turczaninow, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou. 10(7): 158. 1837.
薯蓣 shu yu | Dioscoreaceae | Dioscorea
Dioscorea batatas Decaisne; D. decaisneana Carrière; D. doryphora Hance; D. potaninii Prain & Burkill; D. rosthornii Diels; D. swinhoei Rolfe.
Tubers vertical, cylindric, to 1 m; transverse section white. Stem twining to right, often purplish red, glabrous. Bulblets present in leaf axils. Leaves alternate basally on stem, mostly opposite distally on stem, rarely in whorls of 3, simple; petiole 2--3 cm; leaf blade often drying grayish or greenish, ovate-triangular to sagittate, usually 3-lobed, relatively wide and ± entire on juvenile leaves, 3--7(--16) × 2--7(--14) cm, papery to thinly leathery, glabrous, basal veins 5 plus 1 or 2 pairs restricted to basal lobes, base shallowly (rarely to deeply) cordate to subtruncate, apex acuminate; lateral lobes auriculate, subrectangular to oblong, rounded. Male spikes 2--8 together, erect, 2--8 cm, rarely paniculate; rachis obviously zigzagged. Male flowers: sessile; bracts triangular-ovate, ca. 1 mm; perianth yellow with purplish brown dots, outer lobes broadly ovate, 1.3--2 × 0.8--1.2 mm, concave, inner ones ovate, smaller than outer; stamens 6. Female spikes solitary or 2 or 3 together. Capsule not reflexed, oblate or globose, (1.2--)1.7--2 cm, pruinose; wings 0.7--1.5 cm wide. Seeds inserted near middle of capsule, winged all round. Fl. Jun--Sep, fr. Jul--Nov.
Forests, scrub forests, herb communities, mountain slopes, along rivers, roadsides, also commonly cultivated; 100--2500 m. Anhui (S of Huai He), Fujian, E Gansu, N Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, N Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
An important food crop.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Dioscorea opposita Turcz.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：淮山
异名（Synonym）：Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Dioscorea rosthornii Diels Dioscorea doryphora Hance Dioscorea decaisneana Carrière Dioscorea potaninii Prain et Burkill Dioscorea batatas Decne. Dioscorea swinhoei Rolfe Dioscorea oppositifolia L. Dioscorea oppositifolia var. dukhunensis Prain & Burkill Dioscorea oppositifolia var. linnaei Prain & Burkill Dioscorea oppositifolia var. thwaitesii Prain & Burkill Dioscorea pseudobatatas (Hauman) Herter Dioscorea cayennensis var. pseudobatatas Hauman Dioscorea batatas f. clavata Makino Dioscorea batatas f. daikok Makino Dioscorea batatas f. flabellata Makino Dioscorea batatas f. rakuda Makino Dioscorea batatas f. tsukune Makino
科属（Family & Genus）：薯蓣科（Dioscoreaceae）薯蓣属
形态特征（Description）：缠绕草质藤本。块茎长圆柱形，垂直生长，长可达1米多，断面干时白色。茎通常带紫红色，右旋，无毛。单叶，在茎下部的互生，中部以上的对生，很少3叶轮生；叶片变异大，卵状三角形至宽卵形或戟形，长3-9 (-16) 厘米，宽2-7 (-14) 厘米，顶端渐尖，基部深心形、宽心形或近截形，边缘常3浅裂至3深裂，中裂片卵状椭圆形至披针形，侧裂片耳状，圆形、近方形至长圆形；幼苗时一般叶片为宽卵形或卵圆形，基部深心形。叶腋内常有珠芽。雌雄异株。雄花序为穗状花序，长2-8厘米，近直立，2-8个着生于叶腋，偶而呈圆锥状排列；花序轴明显地呈“之”字状曲折；苞片和花被片有紫褐色斑点；雄花的外轮花被片为宽卵形，内轮卵形，较小；雄蕊6。雌花序为穗状花序，1-3个着生于叶腋。蒴果不反折，三棱状扁圆形或三棱状圆形，长1.2-2厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，外面有白粉；种子着生于每室中轴中部，四周有膜质翅。花期6-9月，果期7-11月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于我国大部分地区，生于山坡、山谷林下，溪边、路旁的灌丛中或杂草中；或为栽培。朝鲜、日本也有。
用途（Use）：块茎为常用中药“淮山药”，有强壮、祛痰的功效；又能食用。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 24 Page 292
Dioscorea polystachya Turczaninow, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou. 10(7): 158. 1837.
薯蓣 shu yu | Dioscoreaceae | Dioscorea
Dioscorea batatas Decaisne; D. decaisneana Carrière; D. doryphora Hance; D. potaninii Prain & Burkill; D. rosthornii Diels; D. swinhoei Rolfe.
Tubers vertical, cylindric, to 1 m; transverse section white. Stem twining to right, often purplish red, glabrous. Bulblets present in leaf axils. Leaves alternate basally on stem, mostly opposite distally on stem, rarely in whorls of 3, simple; petiole 2--3 cm; leaf blade often drying grayish or greenish, ovate-triangular to sagittate, usually 3-lobed, relatively wide and ± entire on juvenile leaves, 3--7(--16) × 2--7(--14) cm, papery to thinly leathery, glabrous, basal veins 5 plus 1 or 2 pairs restricted to basal lobes, base shallowly (rarely to deeply) cordate to subtruncate, apex acuminate; lateral lobes auriculate, subrectangular to oblong, rounded. Male spikes 2--8 together, erect, 2--8 cm, rarely paniculate; rachis obviously zigzagged. Male flowers: sessile; bracts triangular-ovate, ca. 1 mm; perianth yellow with purplish brown dots, outer lobes broadly ovate, 1.3--2 × 0.8--1.2 mm, concave, inner ones ovate, smaller than outer; stamens 6. Female spikes solitary or 2 or 3 together. Capsule not reflexed, oblate or globose, (1.2--)1.7--2 cm, pruinose; wings 0.7--1.5 cm wide. Seeds inserted near middle of capsule, winged all round. Fl. Jun--Sep, fr. Jul--Nov.
Forests, scrub forests, herb communities, mountain slopes, along rivers, roadsides, also commonly cultivated; 100--2500 m. Anhui (S of Huai He), Fujian, E Gansu, N Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, N Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
An important food crop.
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