番薯Ipomoea batatas
中文名（Chinese Name）：番薯
学名（Scientific Name）：Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
英文名（English Common Name）：sweetpotato
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山芋、地瓜、山药
异名（Synonym）：Batatas edulis (Thunb. ex Murray) Choisy Convolvulus batatas L. Convolvulus candicans Sol. ex Sims Convolvulus edulis Thunb. ex Murray Ipomoea batatas var. edulis (Thunb. ex Murray) Makino Ipomoea edulis (Thunb. ex Murray) Makino Ipomoea fastigiata Sweet Ipomoea batatas var. lobata Gagnep. et Courch. Ipomoea tiliacea auct. non (Willd.) Choisy Convolvulus tiliaceus auct. non Willd. Batatas edulis var. porphyrorhiza (Griseb.) Ram. Goyena Convolvulus apiculata M. Martens & Galeotti Convolvulus attenuatus M. Martens & Galeotti Convolvulus esculentus Salisb. Convolvulus varius Vell. Ipomoea batatas f. trifida Moldenke Ipomoea batatas var. porphyrorhiza Griseb. Ipomoea davidsoniae Standl. Ipomoea morsonii Baker Ipomoea mucronata Schery Ipomoea purpusii House Ipomoea vulsa House
科属（Family & Genus）：旋花科（Convolvulaceae）番薯属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，地下部分具圆形、椭圆形或纺锤形的块根，块根的形状、皮色和肉色因品种或土壤不同而异。茎平卧或上升，偶有缠绕，多分枝，圆柱形或具棱，绿或紫色，被疏柔毛或无毛，茎节易生不定根。叶片形状、颜色常因品种不同而异，也有时在同一植株上具有不同叶形，通常为宽卵形，长4-13厘米，宽3-13厘米，全缘或3-5（-7）裂，裂片宽卵形、三角状卵形或线状披针形，叶片基部心形或近于平截，顶端渐尖，两面被疏柔毛或近于无毛，叶色有浓绿、黄绿、紫绿等，顶叶的颜色为品种的特征之一；叶柄长短不一，长2.5-20厘米，被疏柔毛或无毛。聚伞花序腋生，有1-3-7朵花聚集成伞形，花序梗长2-10.5厘米，稍粗壮，无毛或有时被疏柔毛；苞片小，披针形，长2-4毫米，顶端芒尖或骤尖，早落；花梗长2-10毫米；萼片长圆形或椭圆形，不等长，外萼片长7-10毫米，内萼片长8-11毫米，顶端骤然成芒尖状，无毛或疏生缘毛；花冠粉红色、白色、淡紫色或紫色，钟状或漏斗状，长3-4厘米，外面无毛；雄蕊及花柱内藏，花丝基部被毛；子房2-4室，被毛或有时无毛。开花习性随品种和生长条件而不同，有的品种容易开花，有的品种在气候干旱时会开花，在气温高、日照短的地区常见开花，温度较低的地区很少开花。蒴果卵形或扁圆形，有假隔膜分为4室。种子1-4粒，通常2粒，无毛。由于番薯属于异花授粉，自花授粉常不结实，所以有时只见开花不见结果。
分布（Distribution）：原产南美洲及大、小安的列斯群岛。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 16 Page 306
Ipomoea batatas (Linnaeus) Lamarck, Encycl. 2: 465. 1793.
番薯 fan shu| Convolvulaceae | Ipomoea
Convolvulus batatas Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 154. 1753; Batatas edulis (Thunberg ex Murray) Choisy; C. candicans Solander ex Sims; C. edulis Thunberg ex Murray; Ipomoea batatas var. edulis (Thunberg ex Murray) Makino; I. batatas var. lobata Gagnepain & Courchet; I. edulis (Thunberg ex Murray) Makino; I. fastigiata Sweet.
Herbs annual, with ellipsoid, fusiform, or elongated subterranean tubers; sap milky; axial parts glabrous or pilose. Stems prostrate or ascending, rarely twining, green or purplish, much branched, rooting at nodes. Petiole 2.5-20 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate to circular, 4-13 X 3-13 cm, margin entire or palmately 3-5(-7)-lobed, herbaceous; lobes broadly ovate to linear-lanceolate, sparsely pilose or glabrous. Inflorescences 1- or 3-7-flowered; peduncle 2-10.5 cm, stout, angular; bracts early deciduous, lanceolate, 2-4 mm. Pedicel 2-10 mm. Sepals oblong or elliptic, ± unequal, glabrous or pilose abaxially, margin ciliate, apex acute, mucronulate, outer 2 sepals 7-10 mm, inner 3 sepals 8-11 mm. Corolla pink, white, pale purple to purple, with a darker center, campanulate to funnelform, 3-4 cm, glabrous. Stamens included. Pistil included; ovary pubescent or glabrous. Capsule rarely produced, ovoid or depressed globose. Seeds glabrous. 2n = 84, 90*.
Cultivated throughout China, sometimes persisting from cultivation, but doubtfully naturalized [Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia, North America, Pacific Islands, South America, cultivated worldwide]
Ipomoea batatas is a productive and adaptable crop. Its tubers are an important source of food, starch, and raw material for producing alcohol. The stems and leaves can be used as livestock forage. In ancient Chinese texts, the name now used for "sweet potato" refers to Dioscorea alata Linnaeus, and not this species.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
英文名（English Common Name）：sweetpotato
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山芋、地瓜、山药
异名（Synonym）：Batatas edulis (Thunb. ex Murray) Choisy Convolvulus batatas L. Convolvulus candicans Sol. ex Sims Convolvulus edulis Thunb. ex Murray Ipomoea batatas var. edulis (Thunb. ex Murray) Makino Ipomoea edulis (Thunb. ex Murray) Makino Ipomoea fastigiata Sweet Ipomoea batatas var. lobata Gagnep. et Courch. Ipomoea tiliacea auct. non (Willd.) Choisy Convolvulus tiliaceus auct. non Willd. Batatas edulis var. porphyrorhiza (Griseb.) Ram. Goyena Convolvulus apiculata M. Martens & Galeotti Convolvulus attenuatus M. Martens & Galeotti Convolvulus esculentus Salisb. Convolvulus varius Vell. Ipomoea batatas f. trifida Moldenke Ipomoea batatas var. porphyrorhiza Griseb. Ipomoea davidsoniae Standl. Ipomoea morsonii Baker Ipomoea mucronata Schery Ipomoea purpusii House Ipomoea vulsa House
科属（Family & Genus）：旋花科（Convolvulaceae）番薯属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，地下部分具圆形、椭圆形或纺锤形的块根，块根的形状、皮色和肉色因品种或土壤不同而异。茎平卧或上升，偶有缠绕，多分枝，圆柱形或具棱，绿或紫色，被疏柔毛或无毛，茎节易生不定根。叶片形状、颜色常因品种不同而异，也有时在同一植株上具有不同叶形，通常为宽卵形，长4-13厘米，宽3-13厘米，全缘或3-5（-7）裂，裂片宽卵形、三角状卵形或线状披针形，叶片基部心形或近于平截，顶端渐尖，两面被疏柔毛或近于无毛，叶色有浓绿、黄绿、紫绿等，顶叶的颜色为品种的特征之一；叶柄长短不一，长2.5-20厘米，被疏柔毛或无毛。聚伞花序腋生，有1-3-7朵花聚集成伞形，花序梗长2-10.5厘米，稍粗壮，无毛或有时被疏柔毛；苞片小，披针形，长2-4毫米，顶端芒尖或骤尖，早落；花梗长2-10毫米；萼片长圆形或椭圆形，不等长，外萼片长7-10毫米，内萼片长8-11毫米，顶端骤然成芒尖状，无毛或疏生缘毛；花冠粉红色、白色、淡紫色或紫色，钟状或漏斗状，长3-4厘米，外面无毛；雄蕊及花柱内藏，花丝基部被毛；子房2-4室，被毛或有时无毛。开花习性随品种和生长条件而不同，有的品种容易开花，有的品种在气候干旱时会开花，在气温高、日照短的地区常见开花，温度较低的地区很少开花。蒴果卵形或扁圆形，有假隔膜分为4室。种子1-4粒，通常2粒，无毛。由于番薯属于异花授粉，自花授粉常不结实，所以有时只见开花不见结果。
分布（Distribution）：原产南美洲及大、小安的列斯群岛。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 16 Page 306
Ipomoea batatas (Linnaeus) Lamarck, Encycl. 2: 465. 1793.
番薯 fan shu| Convolvulaceae | Ipomoea
Convolvulus batatas Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 154. 1753; Batatas edulis (Thunberg ex Murray) Choisy; C. candicans Solander ex Sims; C. edulis Thunberg ex Murray; Ipomoea batatas var. edulis (Thunberg ex Murray) Makino; I. batatas var. lobata Gagnepain & Courchet; I. edulis (Thunberg ex Murray) Makino; I. fastigiata Sweet.
Herbs annual, with ellipsoid, fusiform, or elongated subterranean tubers; sap milky; axial parts glabrous or pilose. Stems prostrate or ascending, rarely twining, green or purplish, much branched, rooting at nodes. Petiole 2.5-20 cm; leaf blade broadly ovate to circular, 4-13 X 3-13 cm, margin entire or palmately 3-5(-7)-lobed, herbaceous; lobes broadly ovate to linear-lanceolate, sparsely pilose or glabrous. Inflorescences 1- or 3-7-flowered; peduncle 2-10.5 cm, stout, angular; bracts early deciduous, lanceolate, 2-4 mm. Pedicel 2-10 mm. Sepals oblong or elliptic, ± unequal, glabrous or pilose abaxially, margin ciliate, apex acute, mucronulate, outer 2 sepals 7-10 mm, inner 3 sepals 8-11 mm. Corolla pink, white, pale purple to purple, with a darker center, campanulate to funnelform, 3-4 cm, glabrous. Stamens included. Pistil included; ovary pubescent or glabrous. Capsule rarely produced, ovoid or depressed globose. Seeds glabrous. 2n = 84, 90*.
Cultivated throughout China, sometimes persisting from cultivation, but doubtfully naturalized [Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia, North America, Pacific Islands, South America, cultivated worldwide]
Ipomoea batatas is a productive and adaptable crop. Its tubers are an important source of food, starch, and raw material for producing alcohol. The stems and leaves can be used as livestock forage. In ancient Chinese texts, the name now used for "sweet potato" refers to Dioscorea alata Linnaeus, and not this species.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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