刺果番荔枝Annona muricata
中文名（Chinese Name）：刺果番荔枝
学名（Scientific Name）：Annona muricata L.
英文名（English Common Name）：soursop
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红毛榴莲
异名（Synonym）：Annona portoricensis M. Gómez；Annona cearaensis Barb. Rodr.；Annona bonplandiana Kunth；Guanabanus muricatus (L.) M. Gómez；Annona muricata var. borinquensis Morales ex Urb.；Annona muricata f. mirabilis R. E. Fr.
科属（Family & Genus）：番荔枝科（Annonaceae）番荔枝属
形态特征（Description）：常绿乔木，高达8米；树皮粗糙。叶纸质，倒卵状长圆形至椭圆形，长5-18厘米，宽2-7厘米，顶端急尖或钝，基部宽楔形或圆形，叶面翠绿色而有光泽，叶背浅绿色，两面无毛；侧脉每边8-13条，两面略为凸起，在叶缘前网结。花蕾卵圆形；花淡黄色，长3.8厘米，直径与长相等或稍宽；萼片卵状椭圆形，长约5毫米，宿存；外轮花瓣厚，阔三角形，长2.5-5厘米，顶端急尖至钝，内面基部有红色小凸点，无柄，镊合状排列，内轮花瓣稍薄，卵状椭圆形，长2-3.5厘米，顶端钝，内面下半部覆盖雌雄蕊处密生小凸点，有短柄，覆瓦状排列；雄蕊长4毫米，花丝肉质，药隔膨大；心皮长5毫米，被白色绢质柔毛。果卵圆状，长10-35厘米，直径7-15厘米，深绿色，幼时有下弯的刺，刺随后逐渐脱落而残存有小突体，果肉微酸多汁，白色；种子多颗，肾形，长1.7厘米，宽约1厘米，棕黄色。花期4-7月，果期7-翌年3月。
分布（Distribution）：台湾、广东、广西和云南等省区栽培。原产热带美洲；现亚洲热带地区也有栽培。
用途（Use）：果实硕大而有酸甜味，可食用，含蛋白质0.70％，脂肪0.40％，糖类17.10％。木材可作造船材。紫胶虫寄主树。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 711, 712
Annona muricata Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 536. 1753.
刺果番荔枝 ci guo fan li zhi| Annonaceae | Annona
Trees to 10 m tall, evergreen. Bark rugose. Petiole short; leaf blade obovate-oblong to ovate-elliptic, 5-18 × 2-7 cm, papery, abaxially greenish and glabrous, adaxially green and shiny, secondary veins 6-13 on each side of midvein and slightly prominent on both surfaces, base broadly cuneate to rounded, apex acute to obtuse. Inflorescences axillary, 1- or 2-flowered. Flowers ca. 3.8 cm in diam. Pedicel 0.5-2.5 cm, pubescent. Sepals ovate-elliptic to ovate-triangular, 3-5 mm. Petals green, later yellowish, inside basally without a red spot; outer petals thick, broadly triangular, 2.5-5 × 2-4 cm, inside finely pubescent, apex acute to obtuse; inner petals ovate-elliptic, 2-4 × 1.5-3.5 cm, slightly thin, imbricate, pubescent, base clawed, apex obtuse. Stamens 4-5 mm; filaments fleshy; connectives apically dilated. Carpels ca. 5 mm, pubescent. Syncarp green, ovoid and often oblique or curved, 10-35 × 7-15 cm, covered with soft prickles, base impressed, apex rounded; pulp white. Seeds brownish yellow, reniform, ca. 2 × 1 cm. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Jul-Dec. 2n = 14, 16.
Widely cultivated; 100-400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to tropical America].
The fruit, soursop, is the largest among Annona species. It is eaten raw, used in sherbets, and used in drinks. The pulp is also consumed with wine or cognac.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Annona muricata L.
英文名（English Common Name）：soursop
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红毛榴莲
异名（Synonym）：Annona portoricensis M. Gómez；Annona cearaensis Barb. Rodr.；Annona bonplandiana Kunth；Guanabanus muricatus (L.) M. Gómez；Annona muricata var. borinquensis Morales ex Urb.；Annona muricata f. mirabilis R. E. Fr.
科属（Family & Genus）：番荔枝科（Annonaceae）番荔枝属
形态特征（Description）：常绿乔木，高达8米；树皮粗糙。叶纸质，倒卵状长圆形至椭圆形，长5-18厘米，宽2-7厘米，顶端急尖或钝，基部宽楔形或圆形，叶面翠绿色而有光泽，叶背浅绿色，两面无毛；侧脉每边8-13条，两面略为凸起，在叶缘前网结。花蕾卵圆形；花淡黄色，长3.8厘米，直径与长相等或稍宽；萼片卵状椭圆形，长约5毫米，宿存；外轮花瓣厚，阔三角形，长2.5-5厘米，顶端急尖至钝，内面基部有红色小凸点，无柄，镊合状排列，内轮花瓣稍薄，卵状椭圆形，长2-3.5厘米，顶端钝，内面下半部覆盖雌雄蕊处密生小凸点，有短柄，覆瓦状排列；雄蕊长4毫米，花丝肉质，药隔膨大；心皮长5毫米，被白色绢质柔毛。果卵圆状，长10-35厘米，直径7-15厘米，深绿色，幼时有下弯的刺，刺随后逐渐脱落而残存有小突体，果肉微酸多汁，白色；种子多颗，肾形，长1.7厘米，宽约1厘米，棕黄色。花期4-7月，果期7-翌年3月。
分布（Distribution）：台湾、广东、广西和云南等省区栽培。原产热带美洲；现亚洲热带地区也有栽培。
用途（Use）：果实硕大而有酸甜味，可食用，含蛋白质0.70％，脂肪0.40％，糖类17.10％。木材可作造船材。紫胶虫寄主树。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 711, 712
Annona muricata Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 536. 1753.
刺果番荔枝 ci guo fan li zhi| Annonaceae | Annona
Trees to 10 m tall, evergreen. Bark rugose. Petiole short; leaf blade obovate-oblong to ovate-elliptic, 5-18 × 2-7 cm, papery, abaxially greenish and glabrous, adaxially green and shiny, secondary veins 6-13 on each side of midvein and slightly prominent on both surfaces, base broadly cuneate to rounded, apex acute to obtuse. Inflorescences axillary, 1- or 2-flowered. Flowers ca. 3.8 cm in diam. Pedicel 0.5-2.5 cm, pubescent. Sepals ovate-elliptic to ovate-triangular, 3-5 mm. Petals green, later yellowish, inside basally without a red spot; outer petals thick, broadly triangular, 2.5-5 × 2-4 cm, inside finely pubescent, apex acute to obtuse; inner petals ovate-elliptic, 2-4 × 1.5-3.5 cm, slightly thin, imbricate, pubescent, base clawed, apex obtuse. Stamens 4-5 mm; filaments fleshy; connectives apically dilated. Carpels ca. 5 mm, pubescent. Syncarp green, ovoid and often oblique or curved, 10-35 × 7-15 cm, covered with soft prickles, base impressed, apex rounded; pulp white. Seeds brownish yellow, reniform, ca. 2 × 1 cm. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Jul-Dec. 2n = 14, 16.
Widely cultivated; 100-400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to tropical America].
The fruit, soursop, is the largest among Annona species. It is eaten raw, used in sherbets, and used in drinks. The pulp is also consumed with wine or cognac.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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