红花丹Plumbago indica
中文名(Chinese Name):红花丹
学名(Scientific Name):Plumbago indica L.
英文名(English Common Name):whorled plantain
别名(Chinese Common Name):紫雪花、紫花丹
异名(Synonym):Plumbago rosea L. Thela coccinea Lour. Plumbago rosea var. coccinea (Lour.) Hook. Plumbago indica 'Rosea'
科属(Family & Genus):白花丹科(Plumbaginaceae)白花丹属
形态特征(Description):常绿多年生草本,高0.5-2米,全体(除花柱外)无毛,有细小而稀少的钙质颗粒;茎枝柔软,基部略木质,上端常多少蔓状。叶硬纸质,狭卵形、狭椭圆状卵形或近狭椭圆形,上部渐狭,长(3)7-9.5(13)厘米,宽(0.8)3-4(6)厘米,向上渐小,先端急尖,基部圆或钝,罕近宽楔形,骤然缩细成一短柄(长3-5毫米);叶柄基部无耳。穗状花序约含(20)35-90个花;总花梗长约1-3厘米,花轴长(8)10-40(50)厘米,在花期不断伸长,无头状腺体;苞片长约2-3毫米,宽约1.5-2毫米,,长卵形或宽卵形,先端渐尖,小苞长约2-2.5毫米,宽1.5-2毫米,倒卵状椭圆形至长卵形,先端急尖;萼长7.5-9.5毫米,萼筒中部直径约2毫米,先端有5个三角形小裂片,几全长(除基部外)沿绿色部着生具柄的腺;花冠红色或紫红色,花冠筒长2-2.5厘米,中部直径约0.7毫米,冠檐径约2厘米,裂片长约1.2厘米,宽约7毫米,倒卵形,先端圆而有芒状突尖;雄蕊伸至花冠喉部或略伸出喉外,花药蓝色,长1.5-2毫米;子房椭圆状卵形,上部略较细,无明显的棱;花柱异长, 被上升的毛,长柱型的花柱远伸于花冠喉部之外,柱头内侧腺体的头部通常较大,短柱型的花柱内藏,柱头伸于喉部之外,柱头内侧腺体无膨大的头部。果实未见。花期11月至翌年4月。
分布(Distribution):产云南和海南,生于向阳湿润而土质松软的地方,南方各省区也有栽培。广泛分布于亚洲热带地区。
用途(Use):本种的花美丽而花期长(在有些地方全年开花),是很好的观赏植物。根供药用,约与白花丹相似。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 15 Page 191
Plumbago indica Linnaeus in Stickman, Herb. Amb. 24. 1754.
紫花丹 zi hua dan| Plumbaginaceae | Plumbago
Plumbago rosea Linnaeus; Thela coccinea Loureiro.
Herb, perennial, 0.5--2 m tall, evergreen. Stems pliable, often lianous, simple or branched from base. Petiole base without auricles; leaf blade narrowly ovate to elliptic-ovate, (3--)7--9.5(--13) X (0.8--)3--4(--6) cm, papery, base rounded to obtuse, apex acute. Inflorescences spicate-racemose, (20--)35--90-flowered; peduncle 1--3 cm, not glandular; rachis (8--)10--40(--50) cm, not glandular; bracts ovate, 2--3 X 1.5--2 mm, apex acuminate; bractlets obovate-elliptical to ovate, 2--2.5 X 1.5--2 mm, apex acute. Calyx 7.5--9.5 mm, glandular almost throughout, tube ca. 2 mm in diam. at middle. Corolla purple to dark red, tube 2--2.5 cm, limb ca. 2 cm in diam.; lobes obovate, ca. 12 X 7 mm, apex rounded and mucronate. Anthers blue, 1.5--2 mm. Ovary ellipsoid-ovoid, indistinctly angular. Heterostylous; style basally pilose; short-styled form with style arms only partly exserted, stigmatic glands without enlarged apex; long-styled form with style arms completely exserted from corolla throat, stigmatic glands capitate. Fruit not seen. Fl. Nov-Apr. 2n = 14.
Wet grasslands; 0--300 m. Hainan, SE Yunnan [Old World tropics].
Medicinal and ornamental.
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(责任编辑:徐晔春)
学名(Scientific Name):Plumbago indica L.
英文名(English Common Name):whorled plantain
别名(Chinese Common Name):紫雪花、紫花丹
异名(Synonym):Plumbago rosea L. Thela coccinea Lour. Plumbago rosea var. coccinea (Lour.) Hook. Plumbago indica 'Rosea'
科属(Family & Genus):白花丹科(Plumbaginaceae)白花丹属
形态特征(Description):常绿多年生草本,高0.5-2米,全体(除花柱外)无毛,有细小而稀少的钙质颗粒;茎枝柔软,基部略木质,上端常多少蔓状。叶硬纸质,狭卵形、狭椭圆状卵形或近狭椭圆形,上部渐狭,长(3)7-9.5(13)厘米,宽(0.8)3-4(6)厘米,向上渐小,先端急尖,基部圆或钝,罕近宽楔形,骤然缩细成一短柄(长3-5毫米);叶柄基部无耳。穗状花序约含(20)35-90个花;总花梗长约1-3厘米,花轴长(8)10-40(50)厘米,在花期不断伸长,无头状腺体;苞片长约2-3毫米,宽约1.5-2毫米,,长卵形或宽卵形,先端渐尖,小苞长约2-2.5毫米,宽1.5-2毫米,倒卵状椭圆形至长卵形,先端急尖;萼长7.5-9.5毫米,萼筒中部直径约2毫米,先端有5个三角形小裂片,几全长(除基部外)沿绿色部着生具柄的腺;花冠红色或紫红色,花冠筒长2-2.5厘米,中部直径约0.7毫米,冠檐径约2厘米,裂片长约1.2厘米,宽约7毫米,倒卵形,先端圆而有芒状突尖;雄蕊伸至花冠喉部或略伸出喉外,花药蓝色,长1.5-2毫米;子房椭圆状卵形,上部略较细,无明显的棱;花柱异长, 被上升的毛,长柱型的花柱远伸于花冠喉部之外,柱头内侧腺体的头部通常较大,短柱型的花柱内藏,柱头伸于喉部之外,柱头内侧腺体无膨大的头部。果实未见。花期11月至翌年4月。
分布(Distribution):产云南和海南,生于向阳湿润而土质松软的地方,南方各省区也有栽培。广泛分布于亚洲热带地区。
用途(Use):本种的花美丽而花期长(在有些地方全年开花),是很好的观赏植物。根供药用,约与白花丹相似。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 15 Page 191
Plumbago indica Linnaeus in Stickman, Herb. Amb. 24. 1754.
紫花丹 zi hua dan| Plumbaginaceae | Plumbago
Plumbago rosea Linnaeus; Thela coccinea Loureiro.
Herb, perennial, 0.5--2 m tall, evergreen. Stems pliable, often lianous, simple or branched from base. Petiole base without auricles; leaf blade narrowly ovate to elliptic-ovate, (3--)7--9.5(--13) X (0.8--)3--4(--6) cm, papery, base rounded to obtuse, apex acute. Inflorescences spicate-racemose, (20--)35--90-flowered; peduncle 1--3 cm, not glandular; rachis (8--)10--40(--50) cm, not glandular; bracts ovate, 2--3 X 1.5--2 mm, apex acuminate; bractlets obovate-elliptical to ovate, 2--2.5 X 1.5--2 mm, apex acute. Calyx 7.5--9.5 mm, glandular almost throughout, tube ca. 2 mm in diam. at middle. Corolla purple to dark red, tube 2--2.5 cm, limb ca. 2 cm in diam.; lobes obovate, ca. 12 X 7 mm, apex rounded and mucronate. Anthers blue, 1.5--2 mm. Ovary ellipsoid-ovoid, indistinctly angular. Heterostylous; style basally pilose; short-styled form with style arms only partly exserted, stigmatic glands without enlarged apex; long-styled form with style arms completely exserted from corolla throat, stigmatic glands capitate. Fruit not seen. Fl. Nov-Apr. 2n = 14.
Wet grasslands; 0--300 m. Hainan, SE Yunnan [Old World tropics].
Medicinal and ornamental.

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(责任编辑:徐晔春)
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