台湾海桐Pittosporum pentandrum var. formosanum
中文名（Chinese Name）：台湾海桐
学名（Scientific Name）：Pittosporum pentandrum var. formosanum (Hayata) Z. Y. Zhang et Turland
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：台琼海桐
异名（Synonym）：Pittosporum pentandrum var. hainanense (Gagnep.) H. L. Li Pittosporum formosanum Hayata Pittosporum formosanum var. hainanense Gagnep.
科属（Family & Genus）：海桐花科（Pittosporaceae）海桐花属
形态特征（Description）：常绿小乔木或灌木，高达12米，嫩枝被锈色柔毛，老枝秃净，皮孔不很明显。叶簇生于枝顶，成假轮生状，二年生或三年生，幼嫩时纸质，两面被柔毛，以后变革质，秃净无毛，倒卵形或矩圆状倒卵形，长4-10厘米，宽3-5厘米；先端钝，或急短尖，有时圆形，基部下延，窄楔形；上面深绿色有光泽，干后稍暗淡，下面浅绿色，无毛；侧脉7-10对，在近边缘处相结合，网脉在下面明显，网眼细小，宽不过0.5毫米，全缘或有波状皱折；叶柄长5-12毫米。圆锥花序顶生，由多数伞房花序组成，密被锈褐色柔毛，总花序柄及花序轴长4-8厘米，次级花序柄长1.5-4厘米，第三级花序柄长3-5毫米，花梗长3-6毫米，苞片早落，披针形，长约2毫米；小苞片卵状披针形，长1.5-2毫米，均无毛或仅有睫毛；花淡黄色，有芳香；萼片分离，或基部稍连合，长卵形，长1.5毫米，先端钝，有睫毛；花瓣长5-6毫米；花丝长3毫米，花药长1毫米；子房卵形，基部被锈色疏柔毛，侧膜胎座2个，珠柄短，胎座位于中部以下，胚珠12-16个。蒴果扁球形、长6-8毫米，宽7-9毫米，秃净无毛，2片裂开，果片薄木质，内侧有横格；种子约10个，不规则多角形，长3毫米。花期5月到10月。
分布（Distribution）：原种分布于菲律宾及苏拉威西的北部，本变种分布于我国台湾、海南，越南也产。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 17
Pittosporum pentandrum (Blanco) Merrill var. formosanum (Hayata) Z. Y. Zhang & Turland, Novon. 12: 153. 2002.
台琼海桐 tai qiong hai tong| Pittosporaceae | Pittosporum
Pittosporum formosanum Hayata in Matsumura & Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 22: 32. 1906; P. formosanum var. hainanense Gagnepain; P. pentandrum var. hainanense (Gagnepain) H. L. Li.
Trees small or shrubs, ca. 12 m tall. Young branchlets ferrugineous pubescent; old branchlets glabrous, inconspicuously lenticellate. Leaves clustered at branchlet apex, appearing pseudoverticillate, biennial or perennial; petiole 5–12 mm; leaf blade dark green and shiny adaxially, pale green abaxially, obovate or oblong-obovate, 4–10 × 3–5 cm, papery when young, soon becoming leathery, pubescent on both surfaces, later glabrate, lateral veins 7–10-paired, reticulate veins prominent adaxially, base narrowly cuneate, decurrent, margin entire or rugose, apex obtuse or shortly acute, sometimes rounded. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate, with numerous corymbs, densely ferrugineous pubescent; primary peduncle and primary axis 4–8 cm; secondary peduncles 1.5–4 cm; tertiary peduncles 3–5 mm; bracts lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, deciduous; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous or margin ciliate; pedicels 3–6 mm. Petals 5–6 mm. Filaments ca. 3 mm; anthers ca. 1 mm. Ovary ovoid, sparsely ferrugineous pubescent at base; placentas 2, parietal, in proximal part of ovary; ovules 12–16. Capsule compressed globose, 6–9 mm in diam., glabrous, dehiscing by 2 valves; pericarp thinly woody, horizontally striate adaxially. Seeds ca. 10, irregularly angular, ca. 3 mm. Fl. May–Nov, fr. Oct–Dec.
Thickets, slopes, seashores; sea level to 300 m. S Guangxi (Hepu Xian), Hainan, S Taiwan (including Lan Yu) [Vietnam].
Pittosporum pentandrum var. pentandrum is distributed in Indonesia (N Sulawesi) and the Philippines.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Pittosporum pentandrum var. formosanum (Hayata) Z. Y. Zhang et Turland
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：台琼海桐
异名（Synonym）：Pittosporum pentandrum var. hainanense (Gagnep.) H. L. Li Pittosporum formosanum Hayata Pittosporum formosanum var. hainanense Gagnep.
科属（Family & Genus）：海桐花科（Pittosporaceae）海桐花属
形态特征（Description）：常绿小乔木或灌木，高达12米，嫩枝被锈色柔毛，老枝秃净，皮孔不很明显。叶簇生于枝顶，成假轮生状，二年生或三年生，幼嫩时纸质，两面被柔毛，以后变革质，秃净无毛，倒卵形或矩圆状倒卵形，长4-10厘米，宽3-5厘米；先端钝，或急短尖，有时圆形，基部下延，窄楔形；上面深绿色有光泽，干后稍暗淡，下面浅绿色，无毛；侧脉7-10对，在近边缘处相结合，网脉在下面明显，网眼细小，宽不过0.5毫米，全缘或有波状皱折；叶柄长5-12毫米。圆锥花序顶生，由多数伞房花序组成，密被锈褐色柔毛，总花序柄及花序轴长4-8厘米，次级花序柄长1.5-4厘米，第三级花序柄长3-5毫米，花梗长3-6毫米，苞片早落，披针形，长约2毫米；小苞片卵状披针形，长1.5-2毫米，均无毛或仅有睫毛；花淡黄色，有芳香；萼片分离，或基部稍连合，长卵形，长1.5毫米，先端钝，有睫毛；花瓣长5-6毫米；花丝长3毫米，花药长1毫米；子房卵形，基部被锈色疏柔毛，侧膜胎座2个，珠柄短，胎座位于中部以下，胚珠12-16个。蒴果扁球形、长6-8毫米，宽7-9毫米，秃净无毛，2片裂开，果片薄木质，内侧有横格；种子约10个，不规则多角形，长3毫米。花期5月到10月。
分布（Distribution）：原种分布于菲律宾及苏拉威西的北部，本变种分布于我国台湾、海南，越南也产。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 17
Pittosporum pentandrum (Blanco) Merrill var. formosanum (Hayata) Z. Y. Zhang & Turland, Novon. 12: 153. 2002.
台琼海桐 tai qiong hai tong| Pittosporaceae | Pittosporum
Pittosporum formosanum Hayata in Matsumura & Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 22: 32. 1906; P. formosanum var. hainanense Gagnepain; P. pentandrum var. hainanense (Gagnepain) H. L. Li.
Trees small or shrubs, ca. 12 m tall. Young branchlets ferrugineous pubescent; old branchlets glabrous, inconspicuously lenticellate. Leaves clustered at branchlet apex, appearing pseudoverticillate, biennial or perennial; petiole 5–12 mm; leaf blade dark green and shiny adaxially, pale green abaxially, obovate or oblong-obovate, 4–10 × 3–5 cm, papery when young, soon becoming leathery, pubescent on both surfaces, later glabrate, lateral veins 7–10-paired, reticulate veins prominent adaxially, base narrowly cuneate, decurrent, margin entire or rugose, apex obtuse or shortly acute, sometimes rounded. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate, with numerous corymbs, densely ferrugineous pubescent; primary peduncle and primary axis 4–8 cm; secondary peduncles 1.5–4 cm; tertiary peduncles 3–5 mm; bracts lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, deciduous; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous or margin ciliate; pedicels 3–6 mm. Petals 5–6 mm. Filaments ca. 3 mm; anthers ca. 1 mm. Ovary ovoid, sparsely ferrugineous pubescent at base; placentas 2, parietal, in proximal part of ovary; ovules 12–16. Capsule compressed globose, 6–9 mm in diam., glabrous, dehiscing by 2 valves; pericarp thinly woody, horizontally striate adaxially. Seeds ca. 10, irregularly angular, ca. 3 mm. Fl. May–Nov, fr. Oct–Dec.
Thickets, slopes, seashores; sea level to 300 m. S Guangxi (Hepu Xian), Hainan, S Taiwan (including Lan Yu) [Vietnam].
Pittosporum pentandrum var. pentandrum is distributed in Indonesia (N Sulawesi) and the Philippines.
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