紫金标Ceratostigma willmottianum

中文名(Chinese Name):紫金标
学名(Scientific Name):Ceratostigma willmottianum Stapf
英文名(English Common Name):Chinese-plumbago
别名(Chinese Common Name):岷江蓝雪花、紫金莲
异名(Synonym):
科属(Family & Genus):白花丹科(Plumbaginaceae)蓝雪花属
形态特征Description):落叶半灌木,高达2米,具开散分枝。地下茎暗褐色,常在距地面3-4厘米以下的各节上萌生地上茎;地上茎红褐色,有宽阔的髓(常较周围木质部的总和为大或近相等),脆弱,节间沟棱显明,节上可有叶柄.基部扩张的环状鞘或遗留成明显的环痕,新枝有稀少长硬毛,老枝变无毛;芽鳞鳞片状,通常见于低位的枝条上。叶长(1.5)2-5厘米,宽(0.8)1.2-1.8(2.5)厘米,生于枝条中部者最大,倒卵状菱形或卵状菱形,有时长倒卵形,花序下部者常为披针形,先端渐尖或急尖,基部楔形,两面被有糙毛状长硬毛和细小的钙质颗粒;叶柄基部有时扩张成一抱茎的环或环状短鞘。花序顶生和腋生,通常含3-7花,但枝上端者常因节间缩短而集成一大型头状(因而其中常有叶状苞);苞片长6-8(10)毫米,宽2-3.5毫米,卵状长圆形至长圆形,先端渐尖,小苞长5-7毫米,宽约3毫米,卵形或长圆状卵形,先端渐尖成细尖;萼(已开放的花)长10.5-14.5毫米,直径约1毫米,裂片长4-4.5毫米,沿脉两侧疏被硬毛和少量星状毛,花冠长2-2.6厘米,筒部红紫色,裂片蓝色,长9-11毫米,宽6.5-7毫米,心状倒三角形,先端中央内凹而有小短尖;雄蕊仅花药外露,花药紫红色,长约2毫米;子房小,卵形,具5棱,柱头伸至花药之上。蒴果淡黄褐色,长约6毫米,长卵形;种子黑褐色,有5棱,上部1/3骤细成喙。花期6-10月,果期7-11月。
分布Distribution):分布于贵州、云南、西藏、四川、甘肃,生于干热河谷的林边或灌丛间。
用途(Use):本种为民间常用药。西藏用带花的枝叶治崩漏、鼻衄、月经过多等妇女病,其他地区用根作为治风湿跌打、胃腹疼痛的止痛药;近来用它的枝、叶提取白花丹素,用于老年慢性气管炎。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 15 Page 193   
Ceratostigma willmottianum Stapf, Bot. Mag. 140: t. 8591. 1914.
岷江蓝雪花 min jiang lan xue hua| Plumbaginaceae  | Ceratostigma
Perennial herbs, deciduous, rhizomatous, to 2 m tall. Rhizomes rooting at nodes just below ground. Branches spreading, fragile, pith equal or wider than surrounding xylem, nodes with ringlike scars; branchlets sparsely strigose. Bud scales scalelike. Petiole basally clasping, often forming ringlike scars after falling; leaf blade obovate-rhombic, ovate-rhombic, or rarely obovate, (1.5--)2.0--5.0 X (0.8--)1.2--1.8(--2.5) mm, usually lanceolate below inflorescence, base cuneate and attenuate into petiole. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, 3--7-flowered, sometimes crowded to capitate; bracts ovate-oblong to oblong, 6--8(--10) X 2--3.5 mm; bractlets ovate to oblong, 5--7 X ca. 3 mm. Calyx 1.0--1.5 X ca. 1 mm, sparsely strigose and with a few stellate hairs along ribs, lobes 4--4.5 mm. Corolla 2--2.6 cm, tube red-purple; lobes blue, obdeltate, 9--11 X 6.5--7 mm, apex emarginate and mucronate. Stamens ± as long as corolla tube; anthers purple, ca. 2 mm. Ovary ovoid. Style branches extending beyond anthers. Capsules ca. 6 mm. Seeds black. Fr. Jul-Oct. fr. Jun-Nov.
  • Warm valleys at forest edges or in thickets; 700--3500 m. Gansu (Wen Xian), W Guizhou, S and W Sichuan, SE Xizang, E and N Yunnan
紫金标Ceratostigma willmottianum

紫金标Ceratostigma willmottianum

紫金标Ceratostigma willmottianum(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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