朱砂根 Ardisia crenata
中文名（Chinese Name）：朱砂根
学名（Scientific Name）：Ardisia crenata Sims
英文名（English Common Name）：hen's eyes
别名（Chinese Common Name）：珍珠伞、万两金
异名（Synonym）：Ardisia elegans Andr. Ardisia crenata var. bicolor (Walker) C. Y. Wu et C. Chen Ardisia bicolor E. Walker Ardisia linangensis C. M. Hu Ardisia miaoliensis S. Y. Lu Ardisia konishii Hayata Ardisia crenata subsp. mouretii (Pit.) C. M. Hu et J. E. Vidal Ardisia labordei H. Lév. Ardisia lentiginosa Ker Gawl. Bladhia lentiginosa var. lanceolata Masam. Bladhia crenata (Sims) H. Hara Bladhia crispa var. taquetii (H. Lév.) Nakai Ardisia mouretii Pit. Ardisia crenata f. hortensis (Migo) W.Z.Fang & K.Yao Ardisia crenata f. taguetii (Nakai) Ohwi Ardisia crenata f. xanthocarpa (Nakai) H.Ohashi Ardisia crispa var. taquetii H. Lév. Ardisia densa Miq. Ardisia lentiginosa var. ractangularis Hatus. Bladhia crenata var. taquetii H. Hara Bladhia kusukusensis (Hayata) Nakai Bladhia lentiginosa f. hortensis Migo Bladhia lentiginosa var. taquetii Nakai Bladhia lentiginosa (Ker Gawl.) Nakai Bladhia lindleyana (D.Dietr.) Nakai Tinus densa (Miq.) Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：紫金牛科（Myrsinaceae）紫金牛属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高1-2米，稀达3米；茎粗壮，无毛，除侧生特殊花枝外，无分枝。叶片革质或坚纸质，椭圆形、椭圆状披针形至倒披针形，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部楔形，长7-15厘米，宽2-4厘米，边缘具皱波状或波状齿，具明显的边缘腺点，两面无毛，有时背面具极小的鳞片，侧脉12-18对，构成不规则的边缘脉；叶柄长约1厘米。伞形花序或聚伞花序，着生于侧生特殊花枝顶端；花枝近顶端常具2-3片叶或更多，或无叶，长4-16厘米；花梗长7-10毫米，几无毛；花长4-6毫米，花萼仅基部连合，萼片长圆状卵形，顶端圆形或钝，长1.5毫米或略短，稀达2.5毫米，全缘，两面无毛，具腺点；花瓣白色，稀略带粉红色，盛开时反卷，卵形，顶端急尖，具腺点，外面无毛，里面有时近基部具乳头状突起；雄蕊较花瓣短，花药三角状披针形，背面常具腺点；雌蕊与花瓣近等长或略长，子房卵珠形，无毛，具腺点；胚珠5枚，1轮。果球形，直径6-8毫米，鲜红色，具腺点。花期5-6月，果期10-12月，有时2-4月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国西藏东南部至台湾，湖北至海南等地区，生于海拔90-2400米的疏、密林下荫湿的灌木丛中。印度，缅甸经马来半岛、印度尼西亚至日本均有。
用途（Use）：为民间常用的中草药之一，根、叶可祛风除湿，散瘀止痛，通经活络，用于跌打风湿、消化不良、咽喉炎及月经不调等症。果可食，亦可榨油。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 15 Page 19
Ardisia crenata Sims, Bot. Mag. 45: pl. 1950. 1817.
朱砂根 zhu sha gen | Myrsinaceae | Ardisia
Ardisia bicolor E. Walker; A. crenata var. bicolor (E. Walker) C. Y. Wu & C. Chen; A. crispa (Thunberg) A. de Candolle var. taquetii H. Léveillé; A. konishii Hayata; A. kusukusensis Hayata; A. labordei H. Léveillé; A. lentiginosa Ker Gawler; A. linangensis C. M. Hu; A. miaoliensis S. Y. Lu; Bladhia crenata (Sims) H. Hara; B. crispa Thunberg var. taquetii (H. Léveillé) Nakai; B. lentiginosa (Ker Gawler) Nakai var. lanceolata Masamune.
Shrubs 1-1.5(-3) m tall, without creeping rhizomes, minutely reddish glandular papillate on branchlets, abaxial leaf surface, and inflorescence rachis, early glabrescent. Branchlets terete, 3-4 mm in diam. Petiole narrowly marginate, 6-10 mm, glabrous; leaf blade elliptic, narrowly lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 7-15 × 2-4 cm, leathery or papery, prominently punctate, base cuneate, margin subrevolute, crenate, or undulate, with large vascularized marginal nodules, apex acute or acuminate; lateral veins 12-18 on each side of midrib, marginal vein often hidden by reflexed margin. Inflorescences terminal, umbellate or cymose, on specialized, 2- or 3-leaved lateral branches 4-16(-40) cm. Flowers membranous, white or rarely pinkish, 4-6 mm. Pedicel 7-10 cm. Sepals oblong-ovate, 1-1.5(-2.5) mm, glabrous, punctate, margin entire, apex rounded or obtuse. Petals nearly free, ovate, punctate, glandular papillose adaxially near base, apex acute. Stamens shorter than petals; filaments nearly obsolete; anthers triangular-lanceolate, punctate dorsally, longitudinally dehiscent, acute. Pistil subequalling petals; ovary glabrous, punctate; ovules ca. 5, uniseriate. Fruit red, globose, 6-8 mm in diam., punctate. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Oct-Dec.
Forests, hillsides, valleys, shrubby areas, dark damp places; 100-2400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, SW Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [SW India, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam]
Ardisia crenata is closely related to A. pseudocrispa Pitard (=A. corymbifera Mez. var. tubifera C. Chen), from which it differs in having crenate leaves with a distinct marginal vein. Ardisia pseudocrispa, which occurs in Guangxi and Vietnam, has subentire leaves without a marginal vein.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Ardisia crenata Sims
英文名（English Common Name）：hen's eyes
别名（Chinese Common Name）：珍珠伞、万两金
异名（Synonym）：Ardisia elegans Andr. Ardisia crenata var. bicolor (Walker) C. Y. Wu et C. Chen Ardisia bicolor E. Walker Ardisia linangensis C. M. Hu Ardisia miaoliensis S. Y. Lu Ardisia konishii Hayata Ardisia crenata subsp. mouretii (Pit.) C. M. Hu et J. E. Vidal Ardisia labordei H. Lév. Ardisia lentiginosa Ker Gawl. Bladhia lentiginosa var. lanceolata Masam. Bladhia crenata (Sims) H. Hara Bladhia crispa var. taquetii (H. Lév.) Nakai Ardisia mouretii Pit. Ardisia crenata f. hortensis (Migo) W.Z.Fang & K.Yao Ardisia crenata f. taguetii (Nakai) Ohwi Ardisia crenata f. xanthocarpa (Nakai) H.Ohashi Ardisia crispa var. taquetii H. Lév. Ardisia densa Miq. Ardisia lentiginosa var. ractangularis Hatus. Bladhia crenata var. taquetii H. Hara Bladhia kusukusensis (Hayata) Nakai Bladhia lentiginosa f. hortensis Migo Bladhia lentiginosa var. taquetii Nakai Bladhia lentiginosa (Ker Gawl.) Nakai Bladhia lindleyana (D.Dietr.) Nakai Tinus densa (Miq.) Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：紫金牛科（Myrsinaceae）紫金牛属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高1-2米，稀达3米；茎粗壮，无毛，除侧生特殊花枝外，无分枝。叶片革质或坚纸质，椭圆形、椭圆状披针形至倒披针形，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部楔形，长7-15厘米，宽2-4厘米，边缘具皱波状或波状齿，具明显的边缘腺点，两面无毛，有时背面具极小的鳞片，侧脉12-18对，构成不规则的边缘脉；叶柄长约1厘米。伞形花序或聚伞花序，着生于侧生特殊花枝顶端；花枝近顶端常具2-3片叶或更多，或无叶，长4-16厘米；花梗长7-10毫米，几无毛；花长4-6毫米，花萼仅基部连合，萼片长圆状卵形，顶端圆形或钝，长1.5毫米或略短，稀达2.5毫米，全缘，两面无毛，具腺点；花瓣白色，稀略带粉红色，盛开时反卷，卵形，顶端急尖，具腺点，外面无毛，里面有时近基部具乳头状突起；雄蕊较花瓣短，花药三角状披针形，背面常具腺点；雌蕊与花瓣近等长或略长，子房卵珠形，无毛，具腺点；胚珠5枚，1轮。果球形，直径6-8毫米，鲜红色，具腺点。花期5-6月，果期10-12月，有时2-4月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国西藏东南部至台湾，湖北至海南等地区，生于海拔90-2400米的疏、密林下荫湿的灌木丛中。印度，缅甸经马来半岛、印度尼西亚至日本均有。
用途（Use）：为民间常用的中草药之一，根、叶可祛风除湿，散瘀止痛，通经活络，用于跌打风湿、消化不良、咽喉炎及月经不调等症。果可食，亦可榨油。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 15 Page 19
Ardisia crenata Sims, Bot. Mag. 45: pl. 1950. 1817.
朱砂根 zhu sha gen | Myrsinaceae | Ardisia
Ardisia bicolor E. Walker; A. crenata var. bicolor (E. Walker) C. Y. Wu & C. Chen; A. crispa (Thunberg) A. de Candolle var. taquetii H. Léveillé; A. konishii Hayata; A. kusukusensis Hayata; A. labordei H. Léveillé; A. lentiginosa Ker Gawler; A. linangensis C. M. Hu; A. miaoliensis S. Y. Lu; Bladhia crenata (Sims) H. Hara; B. crispa Thunberg var. taquetii (H. Léveillé) Nakai; B. lentiginosa (Ker Gawler) Nakai var. lanceolata Masamune.
Shrubs 1-1.5(-3) m tall, without creeping rhizomes, minutely reddish glandular papillate on branchlets, abaxial leaf surface, and inflorescence rachis, early glabrescent. Branchlets terete, 3-4 mm in diam. Petiole narrowly marginate, 6-10 mm, glabrous; leaf blade elliptic, narrowly lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 7-15 × 2-4 cm, leathery or papery, prominently punctate, base cuneate, margin subrevolute, crenate, or undulate, with large vascularized marginal nodules, apex acute or acuminate; lateral veins 12-18 on each side of midrib, marginal vein often hidden by reflexed margin. Inflorescences terminal, umbellate or cymose, on specialized, 2- or 3-leaved lateral branches 4-16(-40) cm. Flowers membranous, white or rarely pinkish, 4-6 mm. Pedicel 7-10 cm. Sepals oblong-ovate, 1-1.5(-2.5) mm, glabrous, punctate, margin entire, apex rounded or obtuse. Petals nearly free, ovate, punctate, glandular papillose adaxially near base, apex acute. Stamens shorter than petals; filaments nearly obsolete; anthers triangular-lanceolate, punctate dorsally, longitudinally dehiscent, acute. Pistil subequalling petals; ovary glabrous, punctate; ovules ca. 5, uniseriate. Fruit red, globose, 6-8 mm in diam., punctate. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Oct-Dec.
Forests, hillsides, valleys, shrubby areas, dark damp places; 100-2400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, SW Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [SW India, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam]
Ardisia crenata is closely related to A. pseudocrispa Pitard (=A. corymbifera Mez. var. tubifera C. Chen), from which it differs in having crenate leaves with a distinct marginal vein. Ardisia pseudocrispa, which occurs in Guangxi and Vietnam, has subentire leaves without a marginal vein.
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