金丝梅Hypericum patulum
中文名（Chinese Name）：金丝梅
学名（Scientific Name）：Hypericum patulum Thunb. ex Murray
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：土连翘
异名（Synonym）：Komana patula (Thunb.) Y. Kimura ex Honda Hypericum argyi H. Lév. et Vaniot Norysca patula (Thunb.) Voigt
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）金丝桃属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高0.3-1.5(-3)米，丛状，具开张的枝条，有时略多叶。茎淡红至橙色，幼时具4纵线棱或4棱形，很快具2纵线棱，有时最后呈圆柱形；节间长0.8-4厘米，短于或稀有长于叶；皮层灰褐色。叶具柄，叶柄长0.5-2毫米；叶片披针形或长圆状披针形至卵形或长圆状卵形，长1.5-6厘米，宽0.5-3厘米，先端钝形至圆形，常具小尖突，基部狭或宽楔形至短渐狭，边缘平坦，不增厚，坚纸质，上面绿色，下面较为苍白色，主侧脉3对，中脉在上方分枝，第三级脉网稀疏而几不可见，腹腺体多少密集，叶片腺体短线形和点状。花序具1-15花，自茎顶端第1-2节生出，伞房状，有时顶端第一节间短，有时在茎中部有一些具1-3花的小枝；花梗长2-4（-7）毫米；苞片狭椭圆形至狭长圆形，凋落。花直径2.5-4厘米，多少呈盃状；花蕾宽卵珠形，先端钝形。萼片离生，在花蕾及果时直立，宽卵形或宽椭圆形或近圆形至长圆状椭圆形或倒卵状匙形，近等大或不等大，长5-10毫米，宽3.5-7毫米，先端钝形至圆形或微凹而常有小尖突，边缘有细的啮蚀状小齿至具小缘毛，膜质，常带淡红色，中脉通常分明，小脉不明显或略明显，有多数腺条纹。花瓣金黄色，无红晕，多少内弯，长圆状倒卵形至宽倒卵形，长1.2-1.8厘米，宽1-1.4厘米，长约为萼片1.5-2.5倍，边缘全缘或略为啮蚀状小齿，有1行近边缘生的腺点，有侧生的小尖突，小尖突先端多少圆形至消失。雄蕊5束，每束有雄蕊约50-70枚，最长者长7-12毫米，长约为花瓣的2/5-1/2，花药亮黄色。子房多少呈宽卵珠形，长，5-6毫米，宽3.5-4毫米；花柱长4-5.5毫米，长约为子房4/5至几与子房相等，多少直立，向顶端外弯；柱头不或几不呈头状。蒴果宽卵珠形，长0.9-1.1厘米，宽0.8-1厘米。种子深褐色，多少呈圆柱形，长1-1.2毫米，无或几无龙骨状突起，有浅的线状蜂窝纹。花期6-7月，果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产陕西、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广西、四川、贵州等省区。生于海拔300-2400米山坡或山谷的疏林下、路旁或灌丛中。
用途（Use）：花供观赏；根药用，能舒筋活血、催乳、利尿。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 3, 13, 14
Hypericum patulum Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14. 700. 1784.
金丝梅 jin si mei | Clusiaceae | Hypericum
Hypericum argyi H. Leveille & Vaniot; Komana patula (Thunberg) Y. Kimura ex Honda; Norysca patula (Thunberg) J. Voigt.
Shrubs, 0.3-1.5(-3) m tall, bushy; branches spreading, sometimes weakly frondose. Stems 4-lined or 4-angled when young, soon 2-lined, sometimes eventually terete; internodes 0.8-4 cm, usually shorter than leaves. Leaves with petiole 0.5-2 mm; blade lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate to ovate or oblong-ovate, 1.5-6 × 0.5-3 cm, thickly papery, abaxially rather glaucous; laminar glands short streaks and dots; abaxial glands ± dense; main lateral veins 3-paired, tertiary reticulation scarcely visible; base narrowly or broadly cuneate to short angustate, apex obtuse-apiculate to rounded-apiculate. Inflorescence 1-15-flowered, from 1 or 2 nodes, flat-topped, sometimes with short terminal internode and/or with 1-3-flowered branches from middle of stem; bracts deciduous, narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong. Pedicels 2-4(-7) mm. Flowers 2.5-4 cm in diam., ± deeply cupped; buds broadly ovoid, apex obtuse. Sepals erect, subequal to unequal, often reddish, broadly ovate or broadly elliptic or subcircular to oblong-elliptic or obovate-spatulate, 5-10 × 3.5-7 mm; laminar glands lines; margin eroded-denticulate to ciliolate with markedly hyaline margin, apex obtuse to rounded or retuse and usually apiculate. Petals golden yellow, not tinged red, oblong-obovate to broadly obovate, 1.2-1.8 × 1-1.4 cm, 1.5-2 × as long as sepals; margin entire or slightly eroded-denticulate with row of intramarginal gland-dots; apiculus rounded to obsolete. Stamen fascicles each with 50-70 stamens, longest 7-12 mm, 0.4-0.5 × as long as petals. Ovary ± broadly ovoid, 5-6 × 3.5-4 mm; styles 4-5.5 mm, 0.75-0.95 × as long as ovary, free, ± erect, outcurved toward apex. Capsule broadly ovoid, 0.9-1.1 cm × 8-10 mm. Seeds dark brown, 1-1.2 mm, not or scarcely carinate; testa linear-foveolate. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 20 (2n = 36 was based on a misidentification).
Open forests and thickets, cliffs, roadsides; (300-)450-2400 m. Native in N Guizhou, Sichuan; probably originally introduced into Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang [cultivated widely in gardens and naturalized in Japan, India, South Africa, and elsewhere].
Several gatherings from Yunnan approach Hypericum patulum in form, but they all have 4-lined or 4-angled stems and are therefore better placed in H. henryi subsp. henryi.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Hypericum patulum Thunb. ex Murray
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：土连翘
异名（Synonym）：Komana patula (Thunb.) Y. Kimura ex Honda Hypericum argyi H. Lév. et Vaniot Norysca patula (Thunb.) Voigt
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）金丝桃属
形态特征（Description）：灌木，高0.3-1.5(-3)米，丛状，具开张的枝条，有时略多叶。茎淡红至橙色，幼时具4纵线棱或4棱形，很快具2纵线棱，有时最后呈圆柱形；节间长0.8-4厘米，短于或稀有长于叶；皮层灰褐色。叶具柄，叶柄长0.5-2毫米；叶片披针形或长圆状披针形至卵形或长圆状卵形，长1.5-6厘米，宽0.5-3厘米，先端钝形至圆形，常具小尖突，基部狭或宽楔形至短渐狭，边缘平坦，不增厚，坚纸质，上面绿色，下面较为苍白色，主侧脉3对，中脉在上方分枝，第三级脉网稀疏而几不可见，腹腺体多少密集，叶片腺体短线形和点状。花序具1-15花，自茎顶端第1-2节生出，伞房状，有时顶端第一节间短，有时在茎中部有一些具1-3花的小枝；花梗长2-4（-7）毫米；苞片狭椭圆形至狭长圆形，凋落。花直径2.5-4厘米，多少呈盃状；花蕾宽卵珠形，先端钝形。萼片离生，在花蕾及果时直立，宽卵形或宽椭圆形或近圆形至长圆状椭圆形或倒卵状匙形，近等大或不等大，长5-10毫米，宽3.5-7毫米，先端钝形至圆形或微凹而常有小尖突，边缘有细的啮蚀状小齿至具小缘毛，膜质，常带淡红色，中脉通常分明，小脉不明显或略明显，有多数腺条纹。花瓣金黄色，无红晕，多少内弯，长圆状倒卵形至宽倒卵形，长1.2-1.8厘米，宽1-1.4厘米，长约为萼片1.5-2.5倍，边缘全缘或略为啮蚀状小齿，有1行近边缘生的腺点，有侧生的小尖突，小尖突先端多少圆形至消失。雄蕊5束，每束有雄蕊约50-70枚，最长者长7-12毫米，长约为花瓣的2/5-1/2，花药亮黄色。子房多少呈宽卵珠形，长，5-6毫米，宽3.5-4毫米；花柱长4-5.5毫米，长约为子房4/5至几与子房相等，多少直立，向顶端外弯；柱头不或几不呈头状。蒴果宽卵珠形，长0.9-1.1厘米，宽0.8-1厘米。种子深褐色，多少呈圆柱形，长1-1.2毫米，无或几无龙骨状突起，有浅的线状蜂窝纹。花期6-7月，果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产陕西、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广西、四川、贵州等省区。生于海拔300-2400米山坡或山谷的疏林下、路旁或灌丛中。
用途（Use）：花供观赏；根药用，能舒筋活血、催乳、利尿。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 3, 13, 14
Hypericum patulum Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14. 700. 1784.
金丝梅 jin si mei | Clusiaceae | Hypericum
Hypericum argyi H. Leveille & Vaniot; Komana patula (Thunberg) Y. Kimura ex Honda; Norysca patula (Thunberg) J. Voigt.
Shrubs, 0.3-1.5(-3) m tall, bushy; branches spreading, sometimes weakly frondose. Stems 4-lined or 4-angled when young, soon 2-lined, sometimes eventually terete; internodes 0.8-4 cm, usually shorter than leaves. Leaves with petiole 0.5-2 mm; blade lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate to ovate or oblong-ovate, 1.5-6 × 0.5-3 cm, thickly papery, abaxially rather glaucous; laminar glands short streaks and dots; abaxial glands ± dense; main lateral veins 3-paired, tertiary reticulation scarcely visible; base narrowly or broadly cuneate to short angustate, apex obtuse-apiculate to rounded-apiculate. Inflorescence 1-15-flowered, from 1 or 2 nodes, flat-topped, sometimes with short terminal internode and/or with 1-3-flowered branches from middle of stem; bracts deciduous, narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong. Pedicels 2-4(-7) mm. Flowers 2.5-4 cm in diam., ± deeply cupped; buds broadly ovoid, apex obtuse. Sepals erect, subequal to unequal, often reddish, broadly ovate or broadly elliptic or subcircular to oblong-elliptic or obovate-spatulate, 5-10 × 3.5-7 mm; laminar glands lines; margin eroded-denticulate to ciliolate with markedly hyaline margin, apex obtuse to rounded or retuse and usually apiculate. Petals golden yellow, not tinged red, oblong-obovate to broadly obovate, 1.2-1.8 × 1-1.4 cm, 1.5-2 × as long as sepals; margin entire or slightly eroded-denticulate with row of intramarginal gland-dots; apiculus rounded to obsolete. Stamen fascicles each with 50-70 stamens, longest 7-12 mm, 0.4-0.5 × as long as petals. Ovary ± broadly ovoid, 5-6 × 3.5-4 mm; styles 4-5.5 mm, 0.75-0.95 × as long as ovary, free, ± erect, outcurved toward apex. Capsule broadly ovoid, 0.9-1.1 cm × 8-10 mm. Seeds dark brown, 1-1.2 mm, not or scarcely carinate; testa linear-foveolate. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 20 (2n = 36 was based on a misidentification).
Open forests and thickets, cliffs, roadsides; (300-)450-2400 m. Native in N Guizhou, Sichuan; probably originally introduced into Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang [cultivated widely in gardens and naturalized in Japan, India, South Africa, and elsewhere].
Several gatherings from Yunnan approach Hypericum patulum in form, but they all have 4-lined or 4-angled stems and are therefore better placed in H. henryi subsp. henryi.
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