红厚壳Calophyllum inophyllum
中文名（Chinese Name）：红厚壳
学名（Scientific Name）：Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：琼崖海棠树、海棠木、胡桐
异名（Synonym）：. Balsamaria inophyllum (L.) Lour. Calophyllum bingator Roxb. Calophyllum blumei Wight Calophyllum inophyllum f. oblongata Miq. Calophyllum inophyllum f. obovata Miq. Calophyllum inophyllum var. takamaka Fosberg Calophyllum inophyllum var. wakamatsui (Kaneh.) Fosberg & Sachet Calophyllum ovatifolium Noronha Calophyllum wakamatsui Kaneh.
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）红厚壳属Calophyllum
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高5-12米；树皮厚，灰褐色或暗褐色，有纵裂缝，创伤处常渗出透明树脂；幼枝具纵条纹。叶片厚革质，宽椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形，稀长圆形，长8-15厘米，宽4-8厘米，顶端圆或微缺，基部钝圆或宽楔形，两面具光泽；中脉在上面下陷，下面隆起，侧脉多数，几与中脉垂直，两面隆起；叶柄粗壮，长1-2.5厘米。总状花序或圆锥花序近顶生，有花7-11，长在10厘米以上稀短；花两性，白色，微香，直径2-2.5厘米；花梗长1.5-4厘米；花萼裂片4枚，外方2枚较小，近圆形，顶端凹陷，长约8毫米，内方2枚较大，倒卵形，花瓣状；花瓣4，倒披针形，长约11毫米，顶端近平截或浑圆，内弯；雄蕊极多数，花丝基部合生成4束；子房近圆球形，花柱细长，蜿蜒状，柱头盾形。果圆球形，直径约2.5厘米，成熟时黄色。花期3-6月，果期9-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产海南、台湾，野生或栽培于海拔60-100（-200）米的丘陵空旷地和海滨沙荒地上。印度、斯里兰卡、中南半岛、马来西亚、印度尼西亚（苏门答腊）、安达曼群岛、菲律宾群岛、 波利尼西亚以及马达加斯加和澳大利亚等地也有分布。
用途（Use）：种子含油量20-30%，种仁含油量为50-60%，油可供工业用，加工去毒和精炼后可食用，也可供医药用；木材质地坚实，较重，心材和边材不明显，能耐磨损和海水浸泡，不受虫蛀食，适宜于造船、桥梁、枕木、农具及家俱等用材；树皮含单宁15%，可提制栲胶。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 1, 39
Calophyllum inophyllum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 513. 1753.
红厚壳 hong hou ke| Clusiaceae | Calophyllum
Balsamaria inophyllum (Linnaeus) Loureiro.
Trees 5-12 m tall. Bark gray brown or dark brown, thick, with longitudinal fissures, always exuding pellucid resins when wounded. Young shoots striate. Petiole robust, 1-2.5 cm; leaf blade shiny on both surfaces, broadly elliptic or obovate-elliptic, rarely oblong, 8-15 × 4-8 cm, thickly leathery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially, base rounded or broadly cuneate, apex rounded or emarginate. Thyrses in upper axils, 7-11-flowered, rarely shorter than 10 cm. Pedicel 1.5-4 cm. Flowers scented, white, 2-2.5 cm in diam. Sepals 4; outer 2: suborbicular, ca. 8 mm; inner 2: obovate, petaloid. Petals 4, oblanceolate to obovate, ca. 1.1 cm, concave, apex subtruncate or rounded. Ovary subglobose; stigma peltate. Mature fruit yellow, globose, ca. 2.5 cm in diam. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 32.
Wild or cultivated on open waste sites on hills, seashores, sandy wastelands; 100(-200) m. Hainan, Taiwan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa (including Madagascar), Australia, Indian Ocean islands (Mascarenes), Pacific islands (Polynesia)].
The seeds yield 20%-30% oil, the seed kernels 50%-60%. The seed oil is used for industry or as a medicine; it is also edible after refinement and detoxification. The timber is hard and heavy, and is used for making furniture. The bark contains ca. 15% tannin.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：琼崖海棠树、海棠木、胡桐
异名（Synonym）：. Balsamaria inophyllum (L.) Lour. Calophyllum bingator Roxb. Calophyllum blumei Wight Calophyllum inophyllum f. oblongata Miq. Calophyllum inophyllum f. obovata Miq. Calophyllum inophyllum var. takamaka Fosberg Calophyllum inophyllum var. wakamatsui (Kaneh.) Fosberg & Sachet Calophyllum ovatifolium Noronha Calophyllum wakamatsui Kaneh.
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）红厚壳属Calophyllum
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高5-12米；树皮厚，灰褐色或暗褐色，有纵裂缝，创伤处常渗出透明树脂；幼枝具纵条纹。叶片厚革质，宽椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形，稀长圆形，长8-15厘米，宽4-8厘米，顶端圆或微缺，基部钝圆或宽楔形，两面具光泽；中脉在上面下陷，下面隆起，侧脉多数，几与中脉垂直，两面隆起；叶柄粗壮，长1-2.5厘米。总状花序或圆锥花序近顶生，有花7-11，长在10厘米以上稀短；花两性，白色，微香，直径2-2.5厘米；花梗长1.5-4厘米；花萼裂片4枚，外方2枚较小，近圆形，顶端凹陷，长约8毫米，内方2枚较大，倒卵形，花瓣状；花瓣4，倒披针形，长约11毫米，顶端近平截或浑圆，内弯；雄蕊极多数，花丝基部合生成4束；子房近圆球形，花柱细长，蜿蜒状，柱头盾形。果圆球形，直径约2.5厘米，成熟时黄色。花期3-6月，果期9-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产海南、台湾，野生或栽培于海拔60-100（-200）米的丘陵空旷地和海滨沙荒地上。印度、斯里兰卡、中南半岛、马来西亚、印度尼西亚（苏门答腊）、安达曼群岛、菲律宾群岛、 波利尼西亚以及马达加斯加和澳大利亚等地也有分布。
用途（Use）：种子含油量20-30%，种仁含油量为50-60%，油可供工业用，加工去毒和精炼后可食用，也可供医药用；木材质地坚实，较重，心材和边材不明显，能耐磨损和海水浸泡，不受虫蛀食，适宜于造船、桥梁、枕木、农具及家俱等用材；树皮含单宁15%，可提制栲胶。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 1, 39
Calophyllum inophyllum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 513. 1753.
红厚壳 hong hou ke| Clusiaceae | Calophyllum
Balsamaria inophyllum (Linnaeus) Loureiro.
Trees 5-12 m tall. Bark gray brown or dark brown, thick, with longitudinal fissures, always exuding pellucid resins when wounded. Young shoots striate. Petiole robust, 1-2.5 cm; leaf blade shiny on both surfaces, broadly elliptic or obovate-elliptic, rarely oblong, 8-15 × 4-8 cm, thickly leathery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially, base rounded or broadly cuneate, apex rounded or emarginate. Thyrses in upper axils, 7-11-flowered, rarely shorter than 10 cm. Pedicel 1.5-4 cm. Flowers scented, white, 2-2.5 cm in diam. Sepals 4; outer 2: suborbicular, ca. 8 mm; inner 2: obovate, petaloid. Petals 4, oblanceolate to obovate, ca. 1.1 cm, concave, apex subtruncate or rounded. Ovary subglobose; stigma peltate. Mature fruit yellow, globose, ca. 2.5 cm in diam. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 32.
Wild or cultivated on open waste sites on hills, seashores, sandy wastelands; 100(-200) m. Hainan, Taiwan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa (including Madagascar), Australia, Indian Ocean islands (Mascarenes), Pacific islands (Polynesia)].
The seeds yield 20%-30% oil, the seed kernels 50%-60%. The seed oil is used for industry or as a medicine; it is also edible after refinement and detoxification. The timber is hard and heavy, and is used for making furniture. The bark contains ca. 15% tannin.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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