山苦茶Mallotus peltatus
中文名（Chinese Name）：山苦茶
学名（Scientific Name）：Mallotus peltatus (Geiseler) Müll. Arg.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：鹧鸪茶、毛茶
异名（Synonym）：Mallotus oblongifolius (Miq.) Muell. Arg. Rottlera oblongifolia Miq. Mallotus maclurei Merr. Mallotus puberulus Hook.f. Mallotus porterianus Müll.Arg. Mallotus peekelii Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus tenuispicus Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus stylaris Müll.Arg. Mallotus warburgianus Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus odoratus Elmer Mallotus longifolius (Rchb.f. & Zoll.) Müll.Arg. Mallotus lambertianus Müll.Arg. Mallotus kietanus Rech. Mallotus helferi Müll.Arg. Mallotus furetianus Müll.Arg. Mallotus columnaris Warb. Mallotus camiguinensis Merr. Mallotus batjanensis Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus alternifolius Merr. Mallotus acuminatus (Blume) Müll.Arg. Rottlera longifolia Rchb.f. & Zoll. Adisca acuminata Blume Hancea muricata Benth. Mappa acutifolia Zoll. & Moritzi Rottlera acutifolia Hassk. Rottlera flavigutta Miq. Rottlera lambertiana (Müll.Arg.) Scheff. Rottlera stylaris (Müll.Arg.) Scheff. Aleurites peltata Geiseler Mallotus peltatus var. rubriflorus Chakrab. Mallotus oblongifolius var. siamensis Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus oblongifolius var. villosulus Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus oblongifolius var. oblongifolius Mallotus oblongifolius var. rubriflorus Chakrab. Mallotus oblongifolius var. helferi (Müll.Arg.) Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus longifolius var. pubescens Müll.Arg. Mallotus floribundus var. cordifolius Chakrab.
科属（Family & Genus）：大戟科（Euphorbiaceae）野桐属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高2-10米，植物体干后有零陵香味；小枝被星状短柔毛或变无毛，具颗粒状腺体。叶互生或有时近对生，长圆状倒卵形，长5-15厘米，宽2-6厘米，顶端急尖或尾状渐尖，下部渐狭，其部圆形或微心形，全缘或上部边缘微波状，上面无毛，下面中脉被星状毛或柔毛，侧脉腋有簇生柔毛，散生橙色颗粒状腺体；羽状脉，侧脉8-10对；基部有褐色斑状腺体4-6个；叶柄长0.5-3.5厘米；托叶卵状披针形，被星状毛，早落。花雌雄异株；雄花序总状，顶生，长4-12厘米，苞片卵状披针形，长2-3毫米，雄花(1-) 2-5朵簇生于苞腋，花梗长约3毫米；雄花：花蕾卵形，长约1.5毫米，花萼裂片3枚，阔卵形，不等大，长约1.5毫米，无毛；雄蕊25-45枚，药隔宽。雌花序总状，顶生，长7-10厘米，苞片钻形，长约2毫米，被毛，花梗长约2.5毫米；雌花：花萼佛焰苞状，长约4.5毫米，一侧开裂，顶端3齿裂，外面被星状毛和疏生黄色颗粒状腺体；子房球形，密生软刺和微柔毛，花柱中部以下合生，柱头长4-5毫米，密生羽毛状突起。蒴果扁球形。直径约1.4厘米，具3个分果爿，具3纵槽，被微柔毛和橙黄色颗粒状腺体，疏生稍弯的软刺；种子球形，直径约5毫米，具斑纹。花期2-4月，果期6-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国南部地区，生于山谷溪边疏林或密林中。中印半岛及苏门答腊岛也有。
用途（Use）：植物体含有零陵香油，可作为提取香精的原料。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 11 Page 226, 228
Mallotus peltatus (Geiseler) Müller Argoviensis, Linnaea. 34: 186. 1865.
山苦茶 shan ku cha | Euphorbiaceae | Mallotus
Aleurites peltata Geiseler, Croton. Monogr. 81. 1807; Hancea muricata Bentham; Mallotus furetianus Müller Argoviensis; M. maclurei Merrill; M. oblongifolius (Miquel) Müller Argoviensis; Rottlera oblongifolia Miquel.
Shrubs or small trees, 2-8 m tall. Branchlets stellate-hirsute and pubescent. Leaves alternate, sometimes subopposite; stipules oblong, ca. 3 mm, deciduous; petiole 0.5-4.5 cm; leaf blade oblong-obovate or elliptic, 5-18 × 2-6 cm, papery, abaxially stellate-hirsute along midvein, sparsely yellowish glandular- scaly, base obtuse or narrowly cordate, sometimes peltate, with 4 basal glands, margin subentire or repand-denticulate, apex acuminate; lateral veins 8-10 pairs. Male inflorescences racemose, terminal, 6-12 cm; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 mm. Male flowers 2-5-fascicled; pedicel 2-3 mm; calyx lobes 3, ovate, ca. 1.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 25-45. Female inflorescences racemose, 5-8 cm, with 4-7 flowers; bracts subulate, ca. 2 mm. Female flowers: calyx urceolate, 5-7 mm, stellate-pubescent, 3-denticulate, spathaceous, deciduous; ovary densely puberulent and softly spiny; styles 3, ca. 8 mm, connate at middle, plumose. Capsule 3-locular, 14 mm in diam., pubescent and glandular- scaly, sparsely softly spiny; pedicel ca. 5 mm. Seeds globose, ca. 5 mm in diam., brown marbled. Fl. Feb-Jun, fr. Jun-Nov.
Mountain slopes or valleys, forests, thickets; 200-1000 m. Guangdong, Hainan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
The dried material smells of fenugreek.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Mallotus peltatus (Geiseler) Müll. Arg.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：鹧鸪茶、毛茶
异名（Synonym）：Mallotus oblongifolius (Miq.) Muell. Arg. Rottlera oblongifolia Miq. Mallotus maclurei Merr. Mallotus puberulus Hook.f. Mallotus porterianus Müll.Arg. Mallotus peekelii Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus tenuispicus Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus stylaris Müll.Arg. Mallotus warburgianus Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus odoratus Elmer Mallotus longifolius (Rchb.f. & Zoll.) Müll.Arg. Mallotus lambertianus Müll.Arg. Mallotus kietanus Rech. Mallotus helferi Müll.Arg. Mallotus furetianus Müll.Arg. Mallotus columnaris Warb. Mallotus camiguinensis Merr. Mallotus batjanensis Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus alternifolius Merr. Mallotus acuminatus (Blume) Müll.Arg. Rottlera longifolia Rchb.f. & Zoll. Adisca acuminata Blume Hancea muricata Benth. Mappa acutifolia Zoll. & Moritzi Rottlera acutifolia Hassk. Rottlera flavigutta Miq. Rottlera lambertiana (Müll.Arg.) Scheff. Rottlera stylaris (Müll.Arg.) Scheff. Aleurites peltata Geiseler Mallotus peltatus var. rubriflorus Chakrab. Mallotus oblongifolius var. siamensis Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus oblongifolius var. villosulus Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus oblongifolius var. oblongifolius Mallotus oblongifolius var. rubriflorus Chakrab. Mallotus oblongifolius var. helferi (Müll.Arg.) Pax & K.Hoffm. Mallotus longifolius var. pubescens Müll.Arg. Mallotus floribundus var. cordifolius Chakrab.
科属（Family & Genus）：大戟科（Euphorbiaceae）野桐属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高2-10米，植物体干后有零陵香味；小枝被星状短柔毛或变无毛，具颗粒状腺体。叶互生或有时近对生，长圆状倒卵形，长5-15厘米，宽2-6厘米，顶端急尖或尾状渐尖，下部渐狭，其部圆形或微心形，全缘或上部边缘微波状，上面无毛，下面中脉被星状毛或柔毛，侧脉腋有簇生柔毛，散生橙色颗粒状腺体；羽状脉，侧脉8-10对；基部有褐色斑状腺体4-6个；叶柄长0.5-3.5厘米；托叶卵状披针形，被星状毛，早落。花雌雄异株；雄花序总状，顶生，长4-12厘米，苞片卵状披针形，长2-3毫米，雄花(1-) 2-5朵簇生于苞腋，花梗长约3毫米；雄花：花蕾卵形，长约1.5毫米，花萼裂片3枚，阔卵形，不等大，长约1.5毫米，无毛；雄蕊25-45枚，药隔宽。雌花序总状，顶生，长7-10厘米，苞片钻形，长约2毫米，被毛，花梗长约2.5毫米；雌花：花萼佛焰苞状，长约4.5毫米，一侧开裂，顶端3齿裂，外面被星状毛和疏生黄色颗粒状腺体；子房球形，密生软刺和微柔毛，花柱中部以下合生，柱头长4-5毫米，密生羽毛状突起。蒴果扁球形。直径约1.4厘米，具3个分果爿，具3纵槽，被微柔毛和橙黄色颗粒状腺体，疏生稍弯的软刺；种子球形，直径约5毫米，具斑纹。花期2-4月，果期6-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国南部地区，生于山谷溪边疏林或密林中。中印半岛及苏门答腊岛也有。
用途（Use）：植物体含有零陵香油，可作为提取香精的原料。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 11 Page 226, 228
Mallotus peltatus (Geiseler) Müller Argoviensis, Linnaea. 34: 186. 1865.
山苦茶 shan ku cha | Euphorbiaceae | Mallotus
Aleurites peltata Geiseler, Croton. Monogr. 81. 1807; Hancea muricata Bentham; Mallotus furetianus Müller Argoviensis; M. maclurei Merrill; M. oblongifolius (Miquel) Müller Argoviensis; Rottlera oblongifolia Miquel.
Shrubs or small trees, 2-8 m tall. Branchlets stellate-hirsute and pubescent. Leaves alternate, sometimes subopposite; stipules oblong, ca. 3 mm, deciduous; petiole 0.5-4.5 cm; leaf blade oblong-obovate or elliptic, 5-18 × 2-6 cm, papery, abaxially stellate-hirsute along midvein, sparsely yellowish glandular- scaly, base obtuse or narrowly cordate, sometimes peltate, with 4 basal glands, margin subentire or repand-denticulate, apex acuminate; lateral veins 8-10 pairs. Male inflorescences racemose, terminal, 6-12 cm; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 mm. Male flowers 2-5-fascicled; pedicel 2-3 mm; calyx lobes 3, ovate, ca. 1.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 25-45. Female inflorescences racemose, 5-8 cm, with 4-7 flowers; bracts subulate, ca. 2 mm. Female flowers: calyx urceolate, 5-7 mm, stellate-pubescent, 3-denticulate, spathaceous, deciduous; ovary densely puberulent and softly spiny; styles 3, ca. 8 mm, connate at middle, plumose. Capsule 3-locular, 14 mm in diam., pubescent and glandular- scaly, sparsely softly spiny; pedicel ca. 5 mm. Seeds globose, ca. 5 mm in diam., brown marbled. Fl. Feb-Jun, fr. Jun-Nov.
Mountain slopes or valleys, forests, thickets; 200-1000 m. Guangdong, Hainan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
The dried material smells of fenugreek.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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