青荚叶Helwingia japonica
中文名（Chinese Name）：青荚叶
学名（Scientific Name）：Helwingia japonica (Thunb.) Dietr.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：叶上珠
异名（Synonym）：Helwingia japonica var. szechuanensis (Fang) Fang et Soong Helwingia szechuanensis W. P. Fang Osyris japonica Thunb. ex Murray Helwingia rusciflora Willd.
科属（Family & Genus）：山茱萸科（Cornaceae）青荚叶属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木，高1-2米；幼枝绿色，无毛，叶痕显著。叶纸质，卵形、卵圆形，稀椭圆形，长3.5-9（-18）厘米，宽2-6(-8.5)厘米，先端渐尖，极稀尾状渐尖，基部阔楔形或近于圆形，边缘具刺状细锯齿；叶上面亮绿色，下面淡绿色；中脉及侧脉在上面微凹陷，下面微突出；叶柄长1-5(-6)厘米；托叶线状分裂。花淡绿色，3-5数，花萼小，花瓣长1-2毫米，镊合状排列；雄花4-12，呈伞形或密伞花序，常着生于叶上面中脉的1/2-1/3处，稀着生于幼枝上部；花梗长1-2.5毫米；雄蕊3-5，生于花盘内侧；雌花1-3枚，着生于叶上面中脉的1/2-1/3处；花梗长1-5毫米；子房卵圆形或球形，柱头3-5裂。浆果幼时绿色，成熟后黑色，分核3-5枚。花期4-5月；果期8-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产黄河流域以南各省区，生于海拔3300米以下的林中。日本、缅甸、印度也有。
用途（Use）：全株药用，有清热、解毒、活血、消肿的疗效；我国民间或用作阴症药。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 14 Page 227
Helwingia japonica (Thunberg) F. Dietrich, Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 660. 1817.
青荚叶 qing jia ye| Helwingiaceae | Helwingia
Helwingia japonica
Credit: Harvard University Herbaria
Shrubs 1–2 m tall, deciduous; bark dark brown or grayish black, smooth; young branches green, glabrous, smooth, with conspicuous leaf scars. Leaf petiole 1–5(–6) cm; stipules threadlike, divided apically or rarely undivided; leaf blade abaxially light green, grayish white, or glaucous green, ovate, obovate-elliptic, ovate-rounded, rarely elliptic or ovate lanceolate, 3.5–9(–18) × 2–6(–8.5) cm, papery, glabrous, veins 5–7(or 8), conspicuous, raised abaxially, slightly impressed adaxially, base broadly cuneate or ± rounded, margin spiculate serrate to spiculate crenate, apex acuminate, rarely caudate-acuminate. Umbels between middle and lower 1/3 of midvein, rarely on upper part of young branches; staminate umbels 3–12(–18)-flowered; carpellate umbels 1–3-flowered. Flowers pedicellate. Petals light green, 1–5 mm. Carpellate flowers: style 3–5-divided. Fruit subglobose or ellipsoid, ca. 4–8 mm in diam., nearly sessile. Seeds 3–5, lobes 3–5. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Aug–Oct.
Forests, woods, thickets, valleys, slopes, streamsides, roadsides; 100–3400 m. Anhui, Fujian, SE Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Japan, S Korea, N Myanmar].
Helwingia rusciflora Hemsley (J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 341. 1888, not Willdenow, 1806) is based on a mixed collection, of which part is H. japonica var. japonica and part is var. hypoleuca.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Helwingia japonica (Thunb.) Dietr.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：叶上珠
异名（Synonym）：Helwingia japonica var. szechuanensis (Fang) Fang et Soong Helwingia szechuanensis W. P. Fang Osyris japonica Thunb. ex Murray Helwingia rusciflora Willd.
科属（Family & Genus）：山茱萸科（Cornaceae）青荚叶属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木，高1-2米；幼枝绿色，无毛，叶痕显著。叶纸质，卵形、卵圆形，稀椭圆形，长3.5-9（-18）厘米，宽2-6(-8.5)厘米，先端渐尖，极稀尾状渐尖，基部阔楔形或近于圆形，边缘具刺状细锯齿；叶上面亮绿色，下面淡绿色；中脉及侧脉在上面微凹陷，下面微突出；叶柄长1-5(-6)厘米；托叶线状分裂。花淡绿色，3-5数，花萼小，花瓣长1-2毫米，镊合状排列；雄花4-12，呈伞形或密伞花序，常着生于叶上面中脉的1/2-1/3处，稀着生于幼枝上部；花梗长1-2.5毫米；雄蕊3-5，生于花盘内侧；雌花1-3枚，着生于叶上面中脉的1/2-1/3处；花梗长1-5毫米；子房卵圆形或球形，柱头3-5裂。浆果幼时绿色，成熟后黑色，分核3-5枚。花期4-5月；果期8-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产黄河流域以南各省区，生于海拔3300米以下的林中。日本、缅甸、印度也有。
用途（Use）：全株药用，有清热、解毒、活血、消肿的疗效；我国民间或用作阴症药。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 14 Page 227
Helwingia japonica (Thunberg) F. Dietrich, Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 660. 1817.
青荚叶 qing jia ye| Helwingiaceae | Helwingia
Helwingia japonica
Credit: Harvard University Herbaria
Shrubs 1–2 m tall, deciduous; bark dark brown or grayish black, smooth; young branches green, glabrous, smooth, with conspicuous leaf scars. Leaf petiole 1–5(–6) cm; stipules threadlike, divided apically or rarely undivided; leaf blade abaxially light green, grayish white, or glaucous green, ovate, obovate-elliptic, ovate-rounded, rarely elliptic or ovate lanceolate, 3.5–9(–18) × 2–6(–8.5) cm, papery, glabrous, veins 5–7(or 8), conspicuous, raised abaxially, slightly impressed adaxially, base broadly cuneate or ± rounded, margin spiculate serrate to spiculate crenate, apex acuminate, rarely caudate-acuminate. Umbels between middle and lower 1/3 of midvein, rarely on upper part of young branches; staminate umbels 3–12(–18)-flowered; carpellate umbels 1–3-flowered. Flowers pedicellate. Petals light green, 1–5 mm. Carpellate flowers: style 3–5-divided. Fruit subglobose or ellipsoid, ca. 4–8 mm in diam., nearly sessile. Seeds 3–5, lobes 3–5. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Aug–Oct.
Forests, woods, thickets, valleys, slopes, streamsides, roadsides; 100–3400 m. Anhui, Fujian, SE Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Japan, S Korea, N Myanmar].
Helwingia rusciflora Hemsley (J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 341. 1888, not Willdenow, 1806) is based on a mixed collection, of which part is H. japonica var. japonica and part is var. hypoleuca.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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