南天竺Nandina domestica
中文名(Chinese Name):南天竺
学名(Scientific Name):Nandina domestica Thunb.
英文名(English Common Name):sacred bamboo
别名(Chinese Common Name):蓝田竹
异名(Synonym):Nandina domestica var. linearifolia C. Y. Wu
科属(Family & Genus):小檗科(Berberidaceae)南天竹属
形态特征(Description):常绿小灌木。茎常丛生而少分枝,高1-3米,光滑无毛,幼枝常为红色,老后呈灰色。叶互生,集生于茎的上部,三回羽状复叶,长30-50厘米;二至三回羽片对生;小叶薄革质,椭圆形或椭圆状披针形,长2-10厘米,宽0.5-2厘米,顶端渐尖,基部楔形,全缘,上面深绿色,冬季变红色,背面叶脉隆起,两面无毛;近无柄。圆锥花序直立,长20-35厘米;花小,白色,具芳香,直径6-7毫米;萼片多轮,外轮萼片卵状三角形,长1-2毫米,向内各轮渐大,最内轮萼片卵状长圆形,长2-4毫米;花瓣长圆形,长约4.2毫米,宽约2.5毫米,先端圆钝;雄蕊6,长约3.5毫米,花丝短,花药纵裂,药隔延伸;子房1室,具1-3枚胚珠。果柄长4-8毫米;浆果球形,直径5-8毫米,熟时鲜红色,稀橙红色。种子扁圆形。花期3-6月,果期5-11月。
分布(Distribution):产华东、华中、华南及西南等地,生于海拔1200米的林下、路边或灌丛中。日本也有。
用途(Use):根、叶具有强筋活络,消炎解毒之效,果为镇咳药。但过量有中毒之虞。各地庭园常有栽培,为优良观赏植物。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 715
Nandina domestica Thunberg, Nov. Gen. Pl. 14. 1781.
南天竹 nan tian zhu | Berberidaceae | Nandina
Nandina domestica var. linearifolia C. Y. Wu ex S. Y. Bao.
Shrubs, evergreen, erect, to 3 m tall, glabrous, few branched. Branchlets reddish when young. Leaves 30-50 cm; leaflets nearly sessile; blades elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 2-10 × 0.5-2 cm, weakly leathery, glabrous, base cuneate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences erect, 20-35 cm. Flowers cream or white. Sepals ovate-triangular or ovate-oblong, 1-4 mm. Petals oblong, ca. 4.2 × 2.5 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens ca. 3.5 mm; anther connective prolonged. Ovary locules 1; ovules 1-3. Carpopodium 4-8 mm. Berry red or purplish, 6-8 mm in diam. Seeds grayish or brownish, oblate-spheroidal. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. May-Nov. 2n = 20*.
Streamsides in montane forests, roadsides, thickets; below 1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, ?Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan; probably not native in SE North America, West Indies, and South America (Peru)].
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