中文名（Chinese Name）：梅叶冬青
学名（Scientific Name）：Ilex asprella (Hook. et Arn.) Champ. ex Benth.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：秤星树、假青梅、灯花树
异名（Synonym）：Ilex merrillii Briq.；Prinos asprellus Hook. et Arn.；Ilex axyphylla Mig.；Ilex asprella var. gracilipos (Merr.) Loes.
科属（Family & Genus）：冬青科（Aquifoliaceae）冬青属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木，高达3米；具长枝和宿短枝，长枝纤细，栗褐色，无毛，具淡色皮孔，短枝多皱，具宿存的鳞片和叶痕。叶膜质，在长枝上互生，在缩短枝上，1-4枚簇生枝顶，卵形或卵状椭圆形，长（3-）4-6（-7）厘米，宽（1.5-)2-3.5厘米，先端尾状渐尖，尖头长6-10毫米，基部钝至近圆形，边缘具锯齿，叶面绿色，被微柔毛，背面淡绿色，无毛，主脉在叶面下凹，在背面隆起，侧脉5-6对，在叶面平坦，在背面凸起，拱形上升并于近叶缘处网结，网状脉两面可见；叶柄长3-8毫米，上面具槽，下面半圆形，无毛；托叶小，胼胝质，三角形，宿存。雄花序：2或3花呈束状或单生于叶腋或鳞片腋内，位于腋芽与叶柄之间；花梗长4-6（-9）毫米；花4或5基数；花萼盘状，直径2.5-3毫米，无毛，裂片4-5，阔三角形或圆形，啮蚀状具缘毛；花冠白色，辐状，直径约6毫米，花瓣4-5，近圆形，直径约2毫米，稀具缘毛，基部合生；雄蕊4或5，花丝长约1.5毫米，花药长圆形，长约1毫米；败育子房叶枕状，中央具短喙。雌花序：单生于叶腋或鳞片腋内，花梗长1-2厘米，无毛；花4-6基数；花萼直径约3毫米，4-6深裂，裂片边缘具缘毛；花冠辐状，花瓣近圆形，直径2毫米，基部合生；退化雄蕊长约1毫米，败育花药箭头状；子房卵球状，直径约1.5毫米，花柱明显，柱头厚盘状。果球形，直径5-7毫米，熟时变黑色，具纵条纹及沟，基部具平展的宿存花萼，花萼具缘毛，顶端具头状宿存柱头，花柱略明显，具分核4-6粒。分核倒卵状椭圆形，长5毫米，背部宽约2毫米，背面具3条脊和沟，侧面几平滑，腹面龙骨突起锋利，内果皮石质。花期3月，果期4-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广东、广西及香港等地，生于海拔400-1000米的山地疏林中或路旁灌丛中。菲律宾也有。
用途（Use）：本种的根、叶入药，有清热解毒、生津止渴、消肿散瘀之功效。叶含熊果酸，对冠心病，心绞痛有一定疗效；根加水在锈铁上磨汁内服，能解砒霜和毒菌中毒。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 11 Page 372, 436
 Ilex asprella (Hooker & Arnott) Champion ex Bentham, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 329. 1852.
秤星树 cheng xing shu  | Aquifoliaceae  | Ilex
Shrubs deciduous, ca. 3 m tall. Branchlets castaneous, slender, glabrous; lenticels light colored; spur branchlets rugose, with persistent scales and leaf scars. Stipules persistent, deltoid, minute; petiole 3-8 mm, abaxially subrounded, glabrous, adaxially sulcate; leaf blade abaxially greenish, adaxially green, ovate or ovate-elliptic, (3-)4-6(-8) × (1.5-)2-3.5 cm, membranous, abaxially glabrous, adaxially puberulent, midvein impressed adaxially, lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs, raised abaxially, flat adaxially, anastomosing near margin, reticulate veins evident on both surfaces, base obtuse to subrounded, margin serrate, apex caudate-acuminate, acumen (3-)6-10(-15) mm. Male inflorescences: 1-flowered cymes, solitary or fasciculate, fascicles 2-5-flowered, axillary on leaves or scales; pedicels 4-6(-9) mm; flowers white, 4- or 5-merous; calyx patelliform, 2.5-3 mm in diam., glabrous, 4- or 5-lobed, lobes broadly deltoid or orbicular, margin erose, ciliate; corolla rotate, ca. 6 mm in diam., petals suborbicular, ca. 2 mm in diam., basally slightly connate, rarely ciliate; stamens ca. 3/4 as long as petals, filaments ca. 1.5 mm, anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm; rudimentary ovary pulvinate, rostellate. Female inflorescences: 1-flowered cymes, solitary, axillary on leaves or scales; pedicels 1-2 cm, glabrous; flowers 4-6-merous; calyx deeply 4-6-lobed, ca. 3 mm in diam., lobes ciliate; corolla rotate, petals suborbicular, ca. 2 mm in diam., basally slightly connate; staminodes ca. 1 mm, sterile anthers sagittate; ovary ovoid, ca. 1.5 mm in diam., style present, stigma thickly discoid. Fruit black, globose or ellipsoidal, 5-7(-8) mm in diam., longitudinally striate and sulcate; fruiting pedicel 2-3 cm; persistent calyx explanate, lobes ciliate; persistent stigma capitate or thickly discoid, style evident; pyrenes 4-6, obovoid-ellipsoidal, ca. 5(or 8) mm, ca. 2(or 3) mm in diam., abaxially 3-striate and sulcate, laterally striate, nearly smooth or sulcate, adaxial keel sharp, endocarp stony. Fl. Mar, fr. Apr-Oct.
Sparse forests on slopes, shrubby areas, roadsides; 400-1000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Philippines, ?Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）