欧当归Levisticum officinale

中文名(Chinese Name):欧当归
学名(Scientific Name):Levisticum officinale Koch
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Hipposelinum levisticum Britton et Rose  Ligusticum levisticum L.  Selinum levisticum (L.) E. H. L. Krause  Levisticum paludapifolium Aschers.  Levisticum levesticum (L.) H. Karst.
科属Family & Genus):伞形科Umbelliferae 欧当归属Levisticum
形态特征Description):多年生草本,全株有香气,高1-2.5米。根茎肥大,径4-5厘米,有多数支根,顶部有多数叶鞘残基。茎直立,光滑无毛,基部径3-4厘米,带紫红色,有光泽,中空,有纵沟纹。基生叶和茎下部叶二至三回羽状分裂,有长柄,叶柄基部膨大成长圆形,带紫红色的叶鞘;茎上部叶通常仅一回羽状分裂;叶片轮廓为宽倒卵形至宽三角形,茎生叶叶柄较短,最上部的叶多简化成顶端三裂的小叶片;末回裂片倒卵形至卵状菱形,近革质,长4-11厘米,宽2-7厘米,叶缘上部2-3裂,有少数不整齐的粗大锯齿,叶缘下部全缘,顶端锐尖或有长尖,基部楔形。复伞形花序直径约至12厘米,伞辐12-20,总苞片7-11,小总苞片8-12,均为宽披针形至线状披针形,顶端长渐尖,反曲,边缘白色,膜质,有稀疏的短糙毛;小伞形花序近圆球形,花黄绿色,萼齿不明显,花瓣椭圆形,基部有短爪,顶端略凹入,花柱基短圆锥状。分生果椭圆形,黄褐色,背部稍扁压,长5-7厘米,宽3-4厘米,侧棱和背棱呈阔翅状,背棱的翅较侧棱的翅为宽,每棱槽内有油管1,合生面油管2,胚乳腹面平或略凹入。花期6-8月,果期8-9月。
分布(Distribution):原产亚洲西部,欧洲及北美各国多有栽培。
用途(Use):欧洲一些国家将本品载于药典,用其根作利尿、健胃、祛痰、芳香兴奋、驱风发汗,治疗妇科病,神经疾病,水肿和慢性心脏病等。食品、烟酒和医药工业用作调味料,嫩茎叶可作凉拌菜。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 14 Page 172
Levisticum officinale W. D. J. Koch, Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 12(1): 101. 1824.
欧当归 ou dang gui | Apiaceae  | Levisticum
Ligusticum levisticum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 250. 1753; Hipposelinum levisticum (Linnaeus) Britton & Rose; Selinum levisticum (Linnaeus) E. H. L. Krause.
Plants 1–2.5 m, aromatic. Rhizome stout, 4–5 cm thick. Stem purplish green, lower branches alternate, upper branches opposite or whorled. Basal and lower leaves long-petiolate, sheaths purple-red; blade broadly-triangular-ovate, 2–3-pinnate, pinnae all petiolulate; ultimate segments obovate or rhombic-ovate, 4–11 × 2–7 cm, 2–3-lobed, with a few coarse teeth. Umbels ca. 12 cm across; bracts 7–11, lanceolate, reflexed, scabrous, white-scarious-margined; rays 12–20, subequal; bracteoles 8–11, similar to bracts. Fruit brown, 5–7 × 3–4 mm. Fl. Jun–Aug, fr. Aug–Sep. n = 11.
Widely cultivated; 100–600 m. Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi [native to SW Asia and Europe].
This species was introduced to China in 1957. It is used as a substitute for the traditional Chinese medicine “dang gui” (see Angelica sinensis) and for flavoring. The young shoots and leaves can be eaten as a vegetable.
 欧当归Levisticum officinale

欧当归Levisticum officinale
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