苍术Atractylodes lancea
中文名（Chinese Name）：苍术
学名（Scientific Name）：Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：赤术
异名（Synonym）：Acarna chinensis Bunge Atractylis ovata f. lyratifolia Kom. Atractylis chinensis f. erossodentata (Koidz.) Hand.-Mazz. Atractylodes chinensis var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kitag. Atractylodes errosodentata Koidz. Atractylis ovata f. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kom. Atractylis separata Bailey Atractylodes chinensis (Bunge) Koidz. Atractylodes lyrata Sieber et Zucc Atractylis ovata var. simplicifolia Loes. Atractylis chinensis f. simplicifolia (Loes.) Hand.-Mazz. Atractylis chinensis f. stapfii (Baroni) Hand.-Mazz. Atractylis chinensis var. loeseneri Kitag. Atractylis chinensis var. quinqueloba Bar et Sk. Atractylis chinensis var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Baranova et Sk. Atractylis ovata f. amurensis Freyn ex Kom. Atractylis lancea Thunb. Atractylodes lancea var. chinensis (Bunge) Kitam Atractylodes lancea var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kitam. Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. Atractylodes ovata (Thunb.) DC. Giraldia stapfii Baroni Atractylis erosodentata (Koidz.) Arènes Atractylodes erosodentata Koidz. Atractylodes chinensis f. quinqueloba Atractylodes chinensis f. simplicifolia (Loes.) Atractylodes chinensis var. liaotungensis (Kitag.) Atractylis lancea f. lyrata Makino
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科Compositae苍术属Atractylodes
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本。根状茎平卧或斜升，粗长或通常呈疙瘩状，生多数等粗等长或近等长的不定根。茎直立，高（15-20）30-100厘米，单生或少数茎成簇生，下部或中部以下常紫红色，不分枝或上部但少有自下部分枝的，全部茎枝被稀疏的蛛丝状毛或无毛。基部叶花期脱落；中下部茎叶长8-12厘米，宽5-8厘米，3-5(7-9)羽状深裂或半裂，基部楔形或宽楔形，几无柄，扩大半抱茎，或基部渐狭成长达3.5厘米的叶柄；顶裂片与侧裂片不等形或近等形，圆形、倒卵形、偏斜卵形、卵形或椭圆形，宽1.5-4.5厘米；侧裂片1-2(3-4）对，椭圆形、长椭圆形或倒卵状长椭圆形，宽0.5-2厘米；有时中下部茎叶不分裂；中部以上或仅上部茎叶不分裂，倒长卵形、倒卵状长椭圆形或长椭圆形，有时基部或近基部有1-2对三角形刺齿或刺齿状浅裂。或全部茎叶不裂，中部茎叶倒卵形、长倒卵形、倒披针形或长倒披针形，长2.2-905厘米，宽1.5-6厘米，基部楔状，渐狭成长0.5-2.5厘米的叶柄，上部的叶基部有时有1-2对三角形刺齿裂。全部叶质地硬，硬纸质，两面同色，绿色，无毛，边缘或裂片边缘有针刺状缘毛或三角形刺齿或重刺齿。头状花序单生茎枝顶端，但不形成明显的花序式排列，植株有多数或少数（2-5个）头状花序。总苞钟状，直径1-1.5厘米。苞叶针刺状羽状全裂或深裂。总苞片5-7层，覆瓦状排列，最外层及外层卵形至卵状披针形，长3-6毫米；中层长卵形至长椭圆形或卵状长椭圆形，长6-10毫米；内层线状长椭圆形或线形，长11-12毫米。全部苞片顶端钝或圆形，边缘有稀疏蛛丝毛，中内层或内层苞片上部有时变红紫色。小花白色，长9毫米。瘦果倒卵圆状，被稠密的顺向贴伏的白色长直毛，有时变稀毛。冠毛刚毛褐色或污白色，长7-8毫米，羽毛状，基部连合成环。花果期6-10月。
分布（Distribution）：分布黑龙江、辽宁、吉林、内蒙古、河北、山西、甘肃、陕西、河南、江苏、浙江、江西、安徽、四川、湖南、湖北等地。野生山坡草地、林下、灌丛及岩缝隙中。各地药圃广有栽培。朝鲜及苏联远东地区亦有分布。
用途（Use）：苍术根状茎入药
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 40
Atractylodes lancea (Thunberg) Candolle, Prodr. 7: 48. 1838.
苍术 cang shu | Asteraceae | Atractylodes
Atractylis lancea Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 729. 1784; Acarna chinensis Bunge; Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) Candolle; A. chinensis var. liaotungensis Kitagawa; A. chinensis var. loeseneri Kitagawa; A. japonica (Koidzumi) Kitagawa; A. ovata Thunberg; A. ovata f. pinnatifolia Komarov; A. ovata var. simplicifolia Loesener; A. ovata f. ternata Komarov; A. pinnatifolia (Komarov) S. Y. Hu; A. separata L. H. Bailey; Atractylodes chinensis (Bunge) Koidzumi; A. erosodentata Koidzumi; A. japonica Koidzumi; A. lancea var. simplicifolia (Loesener) Kitamura; A. lyrata Siebold & Zuccarini; A. ovata (Thunberg) Candolle; A. ovata var. ternata (Komarov) Koidzumi; Giraldia stapfii Baroni.
Herbs (15-)30-100 cm tall. Rhizome thick, horizontal or ascending. Stems solitary or tufted, unbranched or apically few branched, ± glabrous. Leaves ± rigidly papery, green, concolorous, glabrous or abaxially sparsely cobwebby. Basal leaves withered at anthesis. Lower and middle cauline leaves petiolate but lower ones sometimes subsessile; petiole 0.5-8 cm; leaf blade 8-12 × 5-8 cm, undivided or divided almost to base into 3-5(-9) pinnately arranged segments; segments undivided or sometimes near base with few small spiny lobes, ± narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate, 3-9 × 2-6 cm, base cuneate, apex shortly acuminate to rounded. Upper cauline leaves similar but smaller. Outer bracts few, leaflike; inner bracts numerous, homomorphic, reduced to pectinately arranged pinnate spines, exceeding but not completely hiding involucre. Involucre campanulate, 1-1.5 cm in diam. Phyllaries numerous, imbricate, margin cobwebby, apex rounded to obtuse; outer phyllaries ovate, 3-6 × 1-3 mm; middle phyllaries gradually longer; innermost phyllaries elliptic to linear, 11-12 × 2-4 mm. Corolla white or yellowish, 0.9-1.2 cm. Achene obovoid, ca. 5 mm, hairs white. Pappus brown to dirty white, 7-9 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Oct.
Grasslands, forests, thickets, rock crevices; 200-2500 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia].
Atractylodes lancea is widely cultivated throughout China. The rhizomes are used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：赤术
异名（Synonym）：Acarna chinensis Bunge Atractylis ovata f. lyratifolia Kom. Atractylis chinensis f. erossodentata (Koidz.) Hand.-Mazz. Atractylodes chinensis var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kitag. Atractylodes errosodentata Koidz. Atractylis ovata f. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kom. Atractylis separata Bailey Atractylodes chinensis (Bunge) Koidz. Atractylodes lyrata Sieber et Zucc Atractylis ovata var. simplicifolia Loes. Atractylis chinensis f. simplicifolia (Loes.) Hand.-Mazz. Atractylis chinensis f. stapfii (Baroni) Hand.-Mazz. Atractylis chinensis var. loeseneri Kitag. Atractylis chinensis var. quinqueloba Bar et Sk. Atractylis chinensis var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Baranova et Sk. Atractylis ovata f. amurensis Freyn ex Kom. Atractylis lancea Thunb. Atractylodes lancea var. chinensis (Bunge) Kitam Atractylodes lancea var. simplicifolia (Loes.) Kitam. Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) DC. Atractylodes ovata (Thunb.) DC. Giraldia stapfii Baroni Atractylis erosodentata (Koidz.) Arènes Atractylodes erosodentata Koidz. Atractylodes chinensis f. quinqueloba Atractylodes chinensis f. simplicifolia (Loes.) Atractylodes chinensis var. liaotungensis (Kitag.) Atractylis lancea f. lyrata Makino
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科Compositae苍术属Atractylodes
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本。根状茎平卧或斜升，粗长或通常呈疙瘩状，生多数等粗等长或近等长的不定根。茎直立，高（15-20）30-100厘米，单生或少数茎成簇生，下部或中部以下常紫红色，不分枝或上部但少有自下部分枝的，全部茎枝被稀疏的蛛丝状毛或无毛。基部叶花期脱落；中下部茎叶长8-12厘米，宽5-8厘米，3-5(7-9)羽状深裂或半裂，基部楔形或宽楔形，几无柄，扩大半抱茎，或基部渐狭成长达3.5厘米的叶柄；顶裂片与侧裂片不等形或近等形，圆形、倒卵形、偏斜卵形、卵形或椭圆形，宽1.5-4.5厘米；侧裂片1-2(3-4）对，椭圆形、长椭圆形或倒卵状长椭圆形，宽0.5-2厘米；有时中下部茎叶不分裂；中部以上或仅上部茎叶不分裂，倒长卵形、倒卵状长椭圆形或长椭圆形，有时基部或近基部有1-2对三角形刺齿或刺齿状浅裂。或全部茎叶不裂，中部茎叶倒卵形、长倒卵形、倒披针形或长倒披针形，长2.2-905厘米，宽1.5-6厘米，基部楔状，渐狭成长0.5-2.5厘米的叶柄，上部的叶基部有时有1-2对三角形刺齿裂。全部叶质地硬，硬纸质，两面同色，绿色，无毛，边缘或裂片边缘有针刺状缘毛或三角形刺齿或重刺齿。头状花序单生茎枝顶端，但不形成明显的花序式排列，植株有多数或少数（2-5个）头状花序。总苞钟状，直径1-1.5厘米。苞叶针刺状羽状全裂或深裂。总苞片5-7层，覆瓦状排列，最外层及外层卵形至卵状披针形，长3-6毫米；中层长卵形至长椭圆形或卵状长椭圆形，长6-10毫米；内层线状长椭圆形或线形，长11-12毫米。全部苞片顶端钝或圆形，边缘有稀疏蛛丝毛，中内层或内层苞片上部有时变红紫色。小花白色，长9毫米。瘦果倒卵圆状，被稠密的顺向贴伏的白色长直毛，有时变稀毛。冠毛刚毛褐色或污白色，长7-8毫米，羽毛状，基部连合成环。花果期6-10月。
分布（Distribution）：分布黑龙江、辽宁、吉林、内蒙古、河北、山西、甘肃、陕西、河南、江苏、浙江、江西、安徽、四川、湖南、湖北等地。野生山坡草地、林下、灌丛及岩缝隙中。各地药圃广有栽培。朝鲜及苏联远东地区亦有分布。
用途（Use）：苍术根状茎入药
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 40
Atractylodes lancea (Thunberg) Candolle, Prodr. 7: 48. 1838.
苍术 cang shu | Asteraceae | Atractylodes
Atractylis lancea Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 729. 1784; Acarna chinensis Bunge; Atractylis chinensis (Bunge) Candolle; A. chinensis var. liaotungensis Kitagawa; A. chinensis var. loeseneri Kitagawa; A. japonica (Koidzumi) Kitagawa; A. ovata Thunberg; A. ovata f. pinnatifolia Komarov; A. ovata var. simplicifolia Loesener; A. ovata f. ternata Komarov; A. pinnatifolia (Komarov) S. Y. Hu; A. separata L. H. Bailey; Atractylodes chinensis (Bunge) Koidzumi; A. erosodentata Koidzumi; A. japonica Koidzumi; A. lancea var. simplicifolia (Loesener) Kitamura; A. lyrata Siebold & Zuccarini; A. ovata (Thunberg) Candolle; A. ovata var. ternata (Komarov) Koidzumi; Giraldia stapfii Baroni.
Herbs (15-)30-100 cm tall. Rhizome thick, horizontal or ascending. Stems solitary or tufted, unbranched or apically few branched, ± glabrous. Leaves ± rigidly papery, green, concolorous, glabrous or abaxially sparsely cobwebby. Basal leaves withered at anthesis. Lower and middle cauline leaves petiolate but lower ones sometimes subsessile; petiole 0.5-8 cm; leaf blade 8-12 × 5-8 cm, undivided or divided almost to base into 3-5(-9) pinnately arranged segments; segments undivided or sometimes near base with few small spiny lobes, ± narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate, 3-9 × 2-6 cm, base cuneate, apex shortly acuminate to rounded. Upper cauline leaves similar but smaller. Outer bracts few, leaflike; inner bracts numerous, homomorphic, reduced to pectinately arranged pinnate spines, exceeding but not completely hiding involucre. Involucre campanulate, 1-1.5 cm in diam. Phyllaries numerous, imbricate, margin cobwebby, apex rounded to obtuse; outer phyllaries ovate, 3-6 × 1-3 mm; middle phyllaries gradually longer; innermost phyllaries elliptic to linear, 11-12 × 2-4 mm. Corolla white or yellowish, 0.9-1.2 cm. Achene obovoid, ca. 5 mm, hairs white. Pappus brown to dirty white, 7-9 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Oct.
Grasslands, forests, thickets, rock crevices; 200-2500 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia].
Atractylodes lancea is widely cultivated throughout China. The rhizomes are used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）踩一下[1]
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