猫须草Clerodendranthus spicatus

中文名Chinese Name):猫须草
学名Scientific Name):Clerodendranthus spicatus (Thunb.) C. Y. Wu
英文名(English Common Name):Clerodendranthus stamineus (Benth.) Kudo  Ocimum aristatum Blume  Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.  Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.  Clerodendrum spicatum Thunb.
别名(Chinese Common Name):肾茶、猫须公
异名(Synonym):
科属(Family & Genus):唇形科(Labiatae)肾茶属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本。茎直立,高1-1.5米,四稜形,具浅槽及细条纹,被倒向短柔毛。叶卵形、菱状卵形或卵状长圆形,长(1.2)2-5.5厘米,宽(0.8)1.3-3.5厘米,先端急尖,基部宽楔形至截状楔形,边缘具粗牙齿或疏圆齿,齿端具小突尖,纸质,上面榄绿色,下面灰绿色,两面均被短柔毛及散布凹陷腺点,上面被毛较疏,侧脉4-5对,斜上升,两面略显著;叶柄长(3)5-15毫米,腹平背凸,被短柔毛。轮伞花序6花,在主茎及侧枝顶端组成具总梗长8-12厘米的总状花序;苞片圆卵形,长约3.5毫米,宽约3毫米,先端骤尖,全缘,具平行的纵向脉,上面无毛,下面密被短柔毛,边缘具小缘毛;花梗长达5毫米,与序轴密被短柔毛。花萼卵珠形,长5-6毫米,宽约2.5毫米,外面被微柔毛及突起的锈色腺点,内面无毛,二唇形,上唇圆形,长宽约2.5毫米,边缘下延至萼筒,下唇具4齿,齿三角形,先端具芒尖,前2齿比侧2齿长一倍,边缘均具短睫毛,果时花萼增大,长达1.1厘米,宽至5毫米,10脉明显,其间网脉清晰可见,上唇明显外反,下唇向前伸。花冠浅紫或白色,外面被微柔毛,在上唇上疏布锈色腺点,内面在冠筒下部疏被微柔毛,冠筒狭管状,长9-19毫米,近等大,直径约1毫米,冠檐大,二唇形,上唇大,外反,直径约6毫米,3裂,中裂片较大,先端微缺,下唇直伸,长圆形,长约5毫米,宽约2.5毫米,微凹。雄蕊4,超出花冠2-4厘米,前对略长,花丝长丝状,无齿,花药小,药室叉开。花柱长长地伸出,先端棒状头形,2浅裂。花盘前方呈指状膨大。小坚果卵形,长约2毫米,宽约1.6毫米,深褐色,具皱纹。花、果期5-11月。
分布(Distribution):产海南,广西,云南,台湾及福建;常生于海拔1050米以下林下潮湿处,印度、缅甸、泰国、经印度尼西亚,菲律宾至澳大利亚及邻近岛屿也有。
用途(Use):地上部分入药,治急慢性肾炎、膀胱炎、尿路结石及风湿性关节炎,对肾脏病有良效。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 17 Page 299
Clerodendranthus spicatus (Thunberg) C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 233. 1974.
肾茶 shen cha| Lamiaceae  | Clerodendranthus
Clerodendrum spicatum Thunberg, Fl. Jav. 22. 1825; Clerodendranthus stamineus (Bentham) Kudo; Ocimum aristatum Blume; Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miquel; Orthosiphon spicatus (Thunberg) Backer, Bakhuizen van der Brink, & Steenis 1950, non Bentham, 1848; Orthosiphon stamineus Bentham.
Herbs perennial. Stems erect, 1-1.5 m tall, retrorse pubescent. Petiole (3-)5-15 mm; leaf blade rhombic- to oblong-ovate, (1.2-)2-5.5 × (0.8-)1.3-3.5 cm, papery pubescent, sparsely impressed glandular, base broadly cuneate to truncate-cuneate, margin coarsely mucronate, dentate to remotely mucronate-crenate, apex acute, lateral veins 4- or 5-paired. Verticillasters 6-flowered, in pedunculate thyrses 8-12 cm; rachis densely pubescent; bracts ca. 3.5 × 3 mm, longitudinally parallel veined. Pedicel to 5 mm, densely pubescent. Calyx 5-6 × ca. 2.5 mm, rust colored glandular outside; upper lip ca. 2.5 × 2.5 mm; teeth of lower lip triangular, awned, margin ciliolate, anterior teeth ca. 2 × as long as lateral teeth; fruiting calyx to 1.1 cm × 5 mm, upper lip conspicuously reflexed, lower lip projected. Corolla purplish or white, sparsely rust colored glandular on upper lip; tube 0.9-1.9 cm, × 1 mm, basally sparsely puberulent inside; lower lip oblong, ca. 5 mm; filaments edentate. Nutlets dark brown, ovoid, ca. 2 × 1.6 mm, corrugate. Fl. and fr. May-Nov.
Wet forests and plains, mainly cultivated; 0-1500 m. Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines; Australia]
Used medicinally for nephritis, urolithiasis and rheumatic arthralgia.
The correct name in Orthosiphon is O. aristatus (Blume) Miquel.
猫须草Clerodendranthus spicatus

猫须草Clerodendranthus spicatus

猫须草Clerodendranthus spicatus(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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