肿柄菊Tithonia diversifolia

肿柄菊Tithonia diversifolia

肿柄菊Tithonia diversifolia
中文名(Chinese Name):肿柄菊
学名(Scientific Name):Tithonia diversifolia A. Gray
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):假向日葵
异名(Synonym):Tithonia triloba Sch.Bip. ex Klatt  Mirasolia diversifolia Hemsl.  Helianthus quinquelobus Sessé & Moc.  Tithonia diversifolia var. glabriuscula S.F.Blake  Urbanisol tagetifolius f. grandiflorus Kuntze  Urbanisol tagetiflora f. grandiflorus Kuntze  Urbanisol tagetiflora var. diversifolius (Hemsl.) Kuntze  Urbanisol tagetiflora var. flavus Kuntze
科属(Family & Genus):菊科(Compositae)肿柄菊属
形态特征(Description):一年生草本,高2-5米。茎直立,有粗壮的分枝,被稠密的短柔毛或通常下部脱毛。叶卵形或卵状三角形或近圆形,长7-20厘米,3-5深裂,有长叶柄,上部的叶有时不分裂,裂片卵形或披针形,边缘有细锯齿,下面被尖状短柔毛,沿脉的毛较密,基出三脉。头状花序大,宽5-15厘米,顶生于假轴分枝的长花序梗上。总苞片4层,外层椭圆形或椭圆状披针形,基部革质;内层苞片长披针形,上部叶质或膜质,顶端钝。舌状花1层,黄色,舌片长卵形,顶端有不明显的3齿;管状花黄色。瘦果长椭圆形,长约4毫米,扁平,被短柔毛。花果期9-11月。
分布(Distribution):产墨西哥,我国南方引种栽培。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 874
Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 19: 5. 1883.
肿柄菊 zhong bing ju| Asteraceae  | Tithonia
Mirasolia diversifolia Hemsley, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 168. 1881.
Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, to 250(-500) cm. Petiole 2-6 cm; blade ± deltate to pentagonal, 7-33 × 7-22 cm, sometimes 3- or 5-lobed, abaxially glabrous to hispid-pilose. Peduncles 7-24 cm; phyllaries 16-28, (3 or)4-seriate, oblong to ovate, outer phyllaries 6-10 × 4-7 mm, abaxially usually glabrous, apex rounded to acute, inner 10-20 × 3-10 mm, abaxially glabrous, apex rounded to acute; paleae 10-13 × 2-3 mm, mucros 1.5-2.5 mm. Ray florets 7-14; corollas yellow, lamina linear, 48-69 × 9-16 mm. Disk florets 80-120+. Achenes 4-6 mm. Fl. Sep-Jan. 2n = 34.
Introduced and naturalized in Guangdong, Taiwan, and Yunnan [native to Mexico].

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