中文名（Chinese Name）：翠菊
学名（Scientific Name）：Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees
英文名（English Common Name）：China aster
别名（Chinese Common Name）：江西腊
异名（Synonym）：Aster chinensis L.  Callistemma chinensis (L.) Skeels  Callistemma hortense Cass.  Callistephus hortensis Cass.  Diplopappus chinensis (L.) Less.  Callistemma sinensis (L.) Brotherson  Callistephus lacinians Borbás  Amellus speciosus Gaterau  Aster regalis Salisb.  Callistephus sinensis Bergmans  Aster lacinians Borbás  Brachyactis chinensis (L.) Bureau & Franch.  Asteriscodes chinense (L.) Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科（Compositae）翠菊属
形态特征（Description）：一年生或二年生草本，高 (15) 30-100厘米。茎直立，单生，有纵棱，被白色糙毛，基部直径6-7毫米，或纤细达1毫米，分枝斜升或不分枝。下部茎叶花期脱落或生存；中部茎叶卵形、菱状卵形或匙形或近圆形，长2.5-6厘米，宽2-4厘米，顶端渐尖，基部截形、楔形或圆形，边缘有不规则的粗锯齿，两面被稀疏的短硬毛，叶柄长2-4厘米，被白色短硬毛，有狭翼；上部的茎叶渐小，菱状披针形，长椭圆形或倒披针形，边缘有1-2个锯齿，或线形而全缘。头状花序单生于茎枝顶端，直径6-8厘米，有长花序梗。总苞半球形，宽2-5厘米；总苞片3层，近等长，外层长椭圆状披针形或匙形，叶质，长1-2.4厘米，宽2-4毫米，顶端钝，边缘有白色长睫毛，中层匙形，较短，质地较薄，染紫色，内层苞片长椭圆形，膜质，半透明，顶端钝。雌花1层，在圆艺栽培中可为多层，红色、淡红色、蓝色、黄色或淡蓝紫色，舌状长2.5-3.5厘米，宽2-7毫米，有长2-3毫米的短管部；两性花花冠黄色，檐部长4-7毫米，管部长1-1.5毫米。瘦果长椭圆状倒披针形，稍扁，长3-3.5毫米，中部以上被柔毛。外层冠毛宿存，内层冠毛雪白色，不等长，长3-4.5毫米，顶端渐尖，易脱落。花果期：5-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产吉林、辽宁、山西、山东、云南及四川，生于海拔30-2700米的山坡荒地、山坡草丛、水边或疏林荫处。
用途（Use）：引种作花卉观赏
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 569
Callistephus chinensis (Linnaeus) Nees, Gen. Sp. Aster. 222. 1832.
翠菊 cui ju | Asteraceae  | Callistephus
Aster chinensis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 877. 1753; Callistemma chinense (Linnaeus) Skeels; C. hortense Cassini; Diplopappus chinensis (Linnaeus) Lessing.
Herbs, 20-100 cm tall. Stems erect, single, simple or sparingly branched, branches ascending, sometimes reddish, sparsely to moderately villous, sometimes sparsely to moderately minutely stipitate glandular. Leaves: lower withered by anthesis or persistent, gradually reduced distally; lower petiolate (to 1.2 cm), blade spatulate, ca. 0.9 cm; mid narrowly winged petiolate (2-4 cm, margin villosulous), blade ovate to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 2.5-6.5 × 2-4 cm, strigillose, abaxially sparsely pilosulose, midvein sparsely villosulous, adaxially glabrous, eglandular, base cuneate or attenuate-rounded, margin irregularly, coarsely serrate, teeth mucronulate, sometimes entire (distalmost), apex acuminate, mucronulate. Involucre 10-15+ mm; phyllaries subequal, oblanceolate, apex obtuse, outer series 10-30 × 2-6 mm, glabrous, midvein ciliate proximally, margin white ciliate, apex mucronulate, inner series 10-30 × 2-6 mm, glabrous, eglandular, scarious, multiveined, veins translucent, proximally prominent, margin hyaline, erose, purple-tinged, apex erose. Ray florets 16-40+, lamina red, pink, blue, purple, violet, lilac, or white, 15-35 × 2-8 mm, tube sparsely strigillose, sparsely, minutely stipitate glandular apically; disk florets yellow, 4.5-5 mm, tube and limb base sparsely strigillose, limb 3.6-4 mm, lobes spreading, narrowly triangular, 1.2-1.3 mm, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes mottled purple, grayish with age, 3-3.5 mm. Pappus: outer scales, reddish, ca. 0.1 mm, inner bristles white, ca. 4 mm, acute, innermost bristles 4.5-4.8 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. and fr. May-Oct.
Grasslands on slopes, stream banks, shady places or open forests, roadsides; 300-2700 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan [Japan, Korea].
An ornamental plant, this species is widely cultivated worldwide.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）