兰屿秋海棠Begonia fenicis

兰屿秋海棠Begonia fenicis

兰屿秋海棠Begonia fenicis

中文名(Chinese Name):兰屿秋海棠
学名(Scientific Name):Begonia fenicis Merr.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):
科属(Family & Genus):秋海棠科Begoniaceae秋海棠属
形态特征(Description):多年生无茎草本。根状茎长圆柱状,长7-8厘米,直径约0.8毫米,节密,残存多数膜质褐色的鳞片。叶均基生,具长柄;叶片两侧极不相等,轮廓卵状圆形或近圆形,长8-10厘米,宽5.5-7.5厘米;先端急尖,基部深心形,窄侧宽约2-3厘米,宽侧宽约4厘米,向下延伸约3厘米,边缘有疏而浅不规则钝锯齿,上面深绿色,下面色淡,被小圆形突起,掌状脉,下面明显呈深紫色,窄侧3条,宽侧5条,近中部呈羽状;叶柄长7.5-9厘米,粗而扁,两侧边呈膜质,无毛;托叶卵形,长7-9毫米,无毛。花葶高26-32厘米,细弱,有纵棱,无毛;花白色至粉红色,有花8-10朵,呈二歧聚伞花序,首次分枝长2-3厘米,二次分枝长1.6-2厘米,均无毛;苞片早落;雄花:花梗长8-10毫米,无毛,花被片4,外轮2枚大,扁圆形,长约10毫米,宽约13毫米,先端圆,内轮2枚小,倒圆形或椭圆形,长约8毫米,宽约6毫米,先端圆钝;雄蕊多数,整个呈球状,花丝长0.8-1毫米,花药长圆形,顶端钝;雌花:花梗长1.5-2厘米,花被片5,子房卵状长圆形,无毛,3室,每室胎座具2裂片,花柱3,2裂,柱头螺旋状扭曲并带刺状乳头。蒴果下垂,果梗长约2毫米,无毛,轮廓卵球形至圆卵形,长约1厘米,直径约8毫米,具有不等3翅,一个较大,半圆形,长8-9毫米,边呈圆形,另2个较小,呈窄新月形,长5-6毫米;种子极多数,小,长圆形,淡褐色。花期5月至8月。
分布(Distribution):产台湾(兰屿和Lutao)。生于低海拔的杂木林下。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 13 Page 160, 173, 206
Begonia fenicis Merrill, Philipp. J. Sci. 3: 421. 1909.
兰屿秋海棠 lan yu qiu hai tang | Begoniaceae  | Begonia
Begonia kotoensis Hayata.
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate, to 1.9 cm in diam. Leaves basal; stipules ovate to triangular, to 2.1 × 1.8 cm, glabrous, apex mucronate, acuminate; petiole 7-31 cm, glabrous; blade broadly ovate to orbicular, asymmetric, 7-26 × 6-21 cm, glabrous or abaxially remotely scaberulous, venation palmate, 7-10-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin irregularly denticulate, apex mucronate to acuminate. Inflorescences 17-53 cm, glabrous; bracts caducous, orbicular to oblate, to 1.4 × 1.8 cm, glabrous, margin entire and often reflexed, apex retuse to apiculate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 8-10 mm; tepals 4, outer 2 obovate to orbicular, 0.9-2.5 × 0.8-2.2 cm, inner 2 oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 0.8-2.3 cm × 4-11 mm; stamens 39-58; filaments 1.2-2.3 mm; anthers broadly oblong, 1.4-1.8 mm, apex obtuse. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1.5-2 cm; tepals 5(or 6), unequal, oblanceolate to broadly obovate, largest 0.8-2.1 × 0.7-1.8 cm, smallest 0.7-18 cm × 4-8 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing transversely elliptic, 6-10 mm; lateral wings lunate, 3-8 mm. Fl. May-Oct. 2n = 26*.
Margins of coastal forests, raised coral rocks by seashores; below 100 m. Taiwan (Huoshao Dao, Lan Yu) [Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Philippines (Bataan Islands)].(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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